HARDNESS IN ILARA COMMUNITY DRINKING WATER TABLE OF CONTENT. ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION MOTIVATION LITERATURE REVIEW PROBLEM STATEMENT EXPERIMENT RESEARCH QUESTIONS DISCUSSION CONCLUSION ABSTRACT This project was done to determine the total hardness of ilara mokin water to show the usefulness of hard water in industries‚ environmental and social links. INTRODUCTION: WHAT IS HARDNESS OF WATER: It is when water passes through or over deposit
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EXPERIMENT 11: DETERMINATION OF DISSOLVED OXYGEN IN A WATER SAMPLE (WINKLER METHOD) INTRODUCTION In an alkaline solution‚ dissolved oxygen will oxidize manganese(II) to the trivalent state. 8OH-(aq) + 4Mn2+(aq) + 2H2O(l) －－＞ 4Mn(OH)3(s) The analysis is completed by titrating the iodine produced from potassium iodide by manganese(III) hydroxide. 2Mn(OH)3(s) + 2I-(aq) + 6 H+(aq) －－＞ 2Mn2+(aq) + I2(aq) + 6H2O(l) Sodium thiosulphate is used as the titrant. Success of the method is critically
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This part of the experiment yielded an exothermic reaction. The purpose was to calculate the specific heat capacity and molar mass of the zinc metal. The specific heat capacity was found to be 0.197 J/g °C with a percent error of -49.5%. The molar mass was found to be 127 g/mol with a percent error of 94.2%. Possible sources of error inherent to this segment of the experiment were the fact that when the temperature of the solution was being measured
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Introduction The major component of eggshells is calcium carbonate (CaCO3). Calcium carbonate cannot be dissolved in water‚ but can dissolve in an acid using the reaction: 2HCl(aq)+CaCO3(s) Ca2+(aq)+CO2(g)+H2O+2HCl-(aq) This reaction is not used to titrate the CaCO3 because it is very slow when the reaction is close to the endpoint. Instead adding an excess of acid to dissolve all of the CaCO3 and then titrating the remaining H3O+ with NaOH solution can achieve the determination of the amount
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Anhydrous sodium sulfate was added to the filtered organic solution to absorb excess water. Although water has a higher affinity towards sodium sulfate than cyclohexanol‚ excess anhydrous sodium sulfate may lead to the absorption of cyclohexane and thus loss of product. Anhydrous sodium sulfate absorbs water due to its polarity and therefore may also absorb cyclohexanol because of its polar O-H bond. If too much anhydrous sodium sulfate was added to the solution‚ part of the product would be absorbed
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activity of sodium butyldithiocarbamate pentahydrate‚ C5H20NNaO5S2 Ayodele T. Odularu a‚ Peter A. Ajibade a‚ Bolhuis‚ A. b a. Department of Chemistry‚ University of Fort Hare‚ Private Bag X1314‚ Alice 5700‚ South Africa. b. Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology‚ University of Bath‚ United Kingdom. Abstract Synthesis of sodium butyldithiocarbamate pentahydrate‚ C5H20NNaO5S2‚ entailed a one-pot synthesis. The process of synthesis involved the use of butyl amine‚ carbon(IV) sulfide and sodium hydroxide
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Photosynthesis Experiment Introduction Photosynthesis is a process used by plants‚ making inorganic molecules into organic molecules (food) using sunlight. Carbon dioxide + Water (mainly from rain) Glucose + Oxygen From this process‚ carbon dioxide comes from environment. Glucose‚ as a product is used to make energy for growth. Lastly‚ the oxygen is a waste product in this chemical reaction‚ which become part of the Earth’s atmosphere. At this experiment‚ carbon dioxide and water were replaced
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An Experiment on Soil Analysis Jacob Pitcher and Derrick Gillespie Chemistry Lab 112 Section 02 4/02/2013 Abstract A sample of soil was tested for possible contaminants and other information using a variety of techniques including moisture analysis‚ pH measurement‚ acid-base titration‚ chloride-ion electrode analysis‚ and flame testing. The sample had a greater concentration of chloride ions‚ no measurable CaCo3 ‚ and lower than standard moisture content. It was contaminated with KCl and
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Austin Vandermey GS-1140 April 4th‚ 2015 Experiment We as a society have one big problem on our hands. This problem is sleep deprivation because there are not enough hours in the day to get stuff done. Between work‚ school‚ family‚ and leisure it seems like we do not have enough time to get are daily tasks done let alone have time for sleep. It is recommended by the U.S Department of Health that people need a solid eight hours of sleep to maintain good health. I don’t know about you
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Experiment #1: Introduction to Experimentation Submitted by: Neann Klara M. De Jesus BS Psychology II Submitted to: Dr. Geraldine E. Tria ABSTRACT SUMMARY The first experiment done by the class was called “Introduction to Experimentation”. Its main objective is to give basic knowledge about some of the logic of experimentation. The class was divided into groups of 2. In each group there was an experimenter (E) and a subject (S). The experimenter instructed
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