central metal ion. In this experiment‚ the affinity of EDTA for metal ions will be applied to tap water that has a particularly high mineral content. Through chelometric (complexometric) titration‚ EDTA can be used to gauge the concentration of metal wastes found within hard water. Eriochrome Black T will be used to indicate when the EDTA has fully absorbed the metal impurities found in the hard water. H2In- + M2+ (aq) ↔ MIn- (aq) + 2H+ (aq) H2In- is the Eriochrome Black T in its normal form
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UNKNOWN SAMPLE #97 COMPLEXOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF WATER HARDNESS DR. BUDRUK CHM 152 LL SEAN MARKIS 4 FEBRUARY 2015 Introduction Using a Lewis base neutral molecule to donate electron pairs (ligands) to a Lewis acid metal ion center to form a single cluster (complex) ion. When the complex ions forms with a metal ion (chelation) the ligand used is called the (chelating agent). EDTA acts as a great chelating agent due to the Nitrogen and Oxygen donating an electron pair to the
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Determination of Water Hardness Using a Titrator Heather Crall Chemistry 1 SMT- 271044 10/17/2012 Abstract From seeing all of my results and conclusion I now see that I didn’t understand this lab very well and that its not easy when others try to help. Since I have hard water it tells me that my water flows over and through rocks and minerals‚ like limestone. Purpose The purpose of this lab is to become familiar with the concept of water hardness. We learn that hard water contains high
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Experiment # 4a Title: Determination of the Hardness of Water from a Waterfall Aim: To determine the molarity of EDTA and to determine the hardness of water by measuring the concentrations of calcium and magnesium in a water sample by titration. Abstract: The aim of this experiment was to determine the molarity of a sample of EDTA and then to use this sample to determine the hardness of a sample of water. This was done using a titrimetric method. This was standardized using calcium chloride.
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Title: Mitosis and Meiosis Abstract: There are two types of nuclear division‚ mitosis and meiosis. Mitosis is usually used for the growth and replacement of somotaic cells‚ while meiosis produces the gametes or spores used in an organism’s reproduction. Hypothesis: Mitosis occurs in whitefish blastula and onion root tip‚ and it is easily observable. Meiosis and crossing over occurs in the production of gametes and spores. Materials: This lab required prepared slides of whitefish blastula
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Lab Manual Anatomy and Physiology LabPaq: AP-1 14 Small-Scale Experiments for Independent Study Published by Hands-On Labs‚ Inc. Anatomy and Physiology: Independent Laboratory Exercises for the First Semester Designed to accompany Anatomy & Physiology LabPaq AP-1 062211 LabPaq® is a registered trademark of Hands-On Labs‚ Inc. (HOL). The LabPaq referenced in this manual is produced by Hands-On Labs‚ Inc. which holds and reserves all copyrights on the intellectual properties associated
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Lab RepoRt assistant This document is not meant to be a substitute for a formal laboratory report. The Lab Report Assistant is simply a summary of the experiment’s questions‚ diagrams if needed‚ and data tables that should be addressed in a formal lab report. The intent is to facilitate student’s writing of lab reports by providing this information in an editable file which can be sent to an instructor. Exercise
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experiment:11-20-13 Date submitted: 11-23-13 Determination of Water Hardness Using a Titrator Purpose: This purpose of this experiment was to determine the hardness of the local water supply. Be familiar with using a titrator. To tell wether your water is hard or soft. Hard water however does not create a threat‚ but is bad for your pipes causing them to crust. To measure water’s “softness” you are truly measuring the amount of CaCO3 in the water. Procedure: Assemble the titration and stockpot‚ use
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Materials 1 Title: Objective: Hardness and Impact Tests of Steels To understand the mechanical properties of a metal (steel) particularly the relationship between hardness and impact Equipments: Rockwell Hardness tester and Charpy Impact tester Samples: 1. Gauge plate – about 0.9%C As supplied (annealed): AS Water quenched: WQ Oil quenched: OQ Water quenched + tempered: WQ + T Oil quenched + tempered: OQ + T 2. Key steel – about 0.4%C As supplied (annealed): AS Water quenched: WQ Procedures: Samples
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WATER STEWARDSHIP INFORMATION SERIES Hardness in Groundwater February 2007 What is water hardness? Water hardness is primarily the amount of calcium and magnesium‚ and to a lesser extent‚ iron in the water. Water hardness is measured by adding up the concentrations of calcium‚ magnesium and converting this value to an equivalent concentration of calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) in milligrams per litre (mg/L) of water. The Guidelines for Canadian Drinking Water Quality Hardness divide hardness
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