Hardness of Water by EDTA Titration Introduction Water hardness is caused by natural minerals that are dissolved into the water‚ predominantly calcium and magnesium‚ and is measured as the equivalent concentration of calcium carbonate (in milligrams per litre). Water hardness is usually noticed because of difficulty in lathering soap and the formation of a scum in the bathtub. Ca2+ and Mg2+ form insoluble salts with soaps causing precipitation of the soap scum. Another effect of hard water is “boiler
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WATER AS OUR NATURAL RESOURSE There are more than 326 million trillion gallons of water on Earth. Less than 3 % of all this water is fresh water and of that amount‚ more than two-thirds is locked up in ice caps and glaciers. With so much water around it seems like there is enough to see us through for millions of years. But did you know that even water‚ which seems to be in abundance‚ might one day become scarce? Each time you throw something as garbage‚ think of where it will finally end up. Whether
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Surface Water Pollution Freshwater makes up less than three percent of earth’s water‚ but is the source of virtually all drinking water.55 percent of that water comes from reservoirs‚ rivers‚ and lakes‚ These sources‚ called surface water‚ are vulnerable to pollution discharged out of pipes and precipitating out of the air but the primary source of their pollution today is runoff‚ pollutants washing off the land. These nonpoint or scattered sources are not easily traceable. fertilizers used
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Science 12:008/159:008 Spring 2002 Water Pollution July 22‚ 2005 Water Pollution Pollutant Any substance that does not belong in the natural system and disrupts the natural balance Water Pollution Degradation of water quality in a manner that disrupts/prevents its intended or original use. Surface Water Groundwater MCL and secondary MCL MCL=Maximum Contaminant Level The highest concentration of a pollutant allowed in drinking water by law Concentration above which adverse
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Water Conservation Water conservation is important because we depend on it. So many of our daily activities‚ like bathing or flushing the toilet‚ require fresh water. Our body even needs water to function correctly. Seventy-one percent of the Earth’s surface is made up of water. Ninety-eight percent of it all is salt water‚ leaving only two percent as fresh water. More than half of the fresh water is permanently frozen in glaciers or is in the form of snow. That leaves just a tiny
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Water pollution is when the water in lakes‚ rivers‚ oceans‚ and other bodies of water is contaminated. Humans are the main cause for polluting the water. The countries that are most affected by water pollution are: India – The Ganges River China – The Yellow River Central Asia – Amu and Syr Darya Rivers Nepals – Most of the Rivers Pacific Islands Australia Water pollution affects ones physical and emotional health since without drinking water we cannot survive and if the water is polluted
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Water use and misuse OUR pot of water woes is brimming over. That does not seem surprising‚ according to Ramaswamy R. Iyer‚ since even though India is one of the few countries in the world which is blessed with an adequate quantity of water‚ there is a tremendous amount of mismanagement of water resources. While the country has over 4‚000 billion cubic meters (bcm) of annual rainfall and almost 2000 bcm of river flow‚ the reality remains that we have had constant lamentations about the shortage
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10/16/2011 Trent McDowell Great GCU title area‚ word count and page number. Water Pollution I. Introduction (your don ’t have to keep the outline format) Clean water is a necessity to have in order to support a healthy environment. Care must be taken to protect our water sources from chemical plants‚ businesses‚ cargo and cruise ships‚ and people so that humans‚ animals‚ and marine life can have clean water. II. Thesis Statement (this would be better if worked into the opening) We must
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1.0 WATER QUALITY LESSON OUTCOME: * To identify the physical water quality parameters such as suspended solids‚ turbidity‚ color‚ taste and odor and temperature. * To calculate the solids parameter * To identify the chemical water quality parameters such as total dissolved solid‚ alkalinity and hardness * To calculate the water alkalinity and hardness * To demonstrate the biological water quality parameters such as pathogens and indicators Water Quality Parameter
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Complexometric Determination Of Water Hardness By Angelica Aquino CHM 152 LL January 5‚ 2013 METHODS: 1. Prepare an approximate 0.004 M disodium EDTA solution. To prepare this solution‚ weigh about 0.7-0.8 g of Na2EDTA and dissolve in 500 mL deionized water in your plastic bottle. Make to to shake the bottle to dissolve the salt. 2. Obtain a 250-mL Erlenmeyer flask and transfer a 10 mL of CaCO3 using a buret into the flask. 3. Measure 30 mL of deionized water and add it into the titration
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