H A B I T A T INTL. Vol. 19‚ No. 3‚ pp. 279-292‚ 1995 Pergamon Elsevier Science Ltd Printed in Great Britain 0197-3975/95 $9.50 + 0.00 0197-3975(94)00071-9 Sustainable Development and the Construction Industry* ROBIN SPENCE and HELEN MULLIGANt Cambridge University‚ UK and tCambridge Architectural Research Limited‚ UK ABSTRACT The construction industry‚ together with the materials industries which support it‚ is one of the major global exploiters of natural resources‚ both physical
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The amount of air pollution in Pakistan’s major cities like Lahore and Karachi is 20 times higher than the World Health Organization standards. There are layers of smog‚ dust and smoke that exist over Karachi. There is also a prominent smell of gasoline that infiltrates air. Islamabad which is the capital city of Pakistan is known to be covered with thick layer smog that actually keeps hidden the view of Margalla hills. So pollution is very prominent and exists to a threatening level in Pakistan
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Oil Pollution-Case Study The following case study is about the impacts that oil pollution produces in the sea‚ specifically in this case in the coasts of South Wales. This incident was due to the stranding of an oil tanker from the company Sea Empress. The cause for this oil pollution was that a 147‚000 tonne oil tanker from Sea Empress ran aground‚ even though they were controlled by the harbor pilots. The oil tanker would have been docked earlier but because of the heavy seas it took longer.
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Air Pollution Hamza Akouayri Class: 600 Robyn Conner Date Air Pollution Air pollution has been a big issue in the entire world. Air pollution occurs when the air includes dust‚ fumes or gases. Air pollution is the accumulation of hazardous substances into the atmosphere. These substances that cause air pollution are called pollutants. In effect air pollution is one of the biggest problems‚ which are threatening people and earth. People breathe in polluted air. Every second people
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clothing‚ packaging‚ automobiles‚ electronics‚ aircrafts‚ medical supplies‚ and recreational items. The list could go on and on and it is obvious that much of what we have today would not be possible without plastics. Introdution of plastic pollution Plastic is one of the few new chemical materials which pose environmental problem. Polyethylene‚ polyvinyl chloride‚ polystyrene is largely used in the manufacture of plastics. Synthetic polymers are easily molded into complex shapes‚ have high
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sources of noise pollution Introduction to sources of noise pollution:.. Sources of Noise Pollution Appliances used in the home such as mixer grinders‚ vacuum cleaners‚ washing machines‚ loudspeakers‚ television sets and music systems used with high volumes are the main sources of this kind of pollution. Small factories using machines cause a lot of noise pollution. Airplanes‚ .. Main causes of noise pollution: Noise is a problem chiefly of the urban area. Loud noise is considered as pollutant
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MARINE POLLUTION Between 1976 and 1996 a total of 4647 incidents resulted in the spill of approximately 2‚369‚470 barrels of oil into the environment. In addition‚ between 1997 and 2001‚ Nigeria also recorded a total number of 2‚097 oil spill incidents. Nigeria’s largest spill was an offshore well-blow out in January 1980 when an estimated 200‚000 barrels of oil (8.4million US gallons) spilled into the Atlantic Ocean from an oil industry facility and that damaged 340 hectares of mangrove (Nwilo
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Main effects of sound pollution • Deafness‚ temporary or permanent‚ is one of the most prevalent effects of noise pollution. Mechanics‚ locomotive drivers‚ telephone operators etc all have their hearing impairment. • The first and foremost effect of noise is a decrease in the efficiency in working. Research has proved the fact that human efficiency increases with noise reduction. • Too much of noise disturbs the rhythms of working‚ thereby affecting the concentration required for doing a
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Air Pollution Air pollution in Egypt is a real‚ harmful and serious problem. It is caused by a wide variety of things. From these causes is the great amount of smoke that come from chimneys of factories that were built near the cities as it release great amount of harmful‚ poisonous‚ black smoke which is quickly spread in the air and change its color into black. Also the black color of car exhaust has a serious‚ bad effect on human’s respiration and which unfortunately we breeze it daily as we
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litter everywhere and become plastic pollution. As plastic is buoyant‚ it easily blows from garbage dumps or even flows through river that eventually moves through the sea. According to Australian Marine Conservation Society (2013b)‚ when plastics are in the ocean‚ it will slowly breaks down in to smaller pieces and being eaten by animals that live at the bottom or even to the birds that flies and eat the floating plastic debris. Causes: Plastic pollution is the environmental problem that has
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