Claims and Arguments A. Statement- or claim is an assertion that something is or is not the case; it is either true or B. Argument- an argument is a group of statements‚ one of which is supposed to be supported by the rest. In an argument the supporting statements are known as premises; the statement being supported is known as a conclusion. C. Indicator Words- are terms that often appear in arguments and signal that a premise or conclusion may be nearby. Arguments Good and Bad
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How to Write an Argument “The argumentative essay is a genre of writing that requires the student to investigate a topic; collect‚ generate‚ and evaluate evidence; and establish a position on the topic in a concise manner” (What Is An Argumentative Essay‚ 2015). In this type of essay‚ we not only give information but also present the argument with the pros‚ which is supporting ideas‚ and cons‚ which is opposing ideas‚ of an argumentative issue. We should clearly take our stand and write as if we
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Argument from authority The basic structure of such arguments is as follows: Professor X believes A‚ Professor X speaks from authority‚ therefore A is true. Often this argument is implied by emphasizing the many years of experience‚ or the formal degrees held by the individual making a specific claim. The converse of this argument is sometimes used‚ that someone does not possess authority‚ and therefore their claims must be false. (This may also be considered an ad-hominen logical fallacy – see
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STEPS IN EVALUATING AN ARGUMENT The following four steps are an efficient way to apply what you learned in this chapter—in other words‚ to evaluate your argument and overcome any errors in validity or truth that it may contain. 1. State your argument fully‚ as clearly as you can. Be sure to identify any hidden premises and‚ if the argument is complex‚ to express all parts of it. 2. Examine each part of your argument for errors affecting truth. (To be sure this examination is not perfunctory
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addressing our argument to a group of representatives from corporate companies in the country. In 2011 we successfully held a fundraising event which helped us raise enough funding to support the activities of our organization. We used the funding to buy the healthiest vegetables from local farmers and purchase only the naturally raised meat. While our goal is to fight hunger in the country‚ we also maintain an eco-friendly outlook. A clear statement of purpose for the argument After the financial
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Making a good argument:Paraphrase the three parts of argument in your notes1.Claim – The claim states your position in‚ as well as the main idea of an argument.2.Data – The data in an argument is any type of evidence that supports your claim/position. It may be an expert’s opinion‚ your own logical reasoning‚ statistics‚ or facts‚ as well as graphics.3.Warrant – The warrant is what connects your claim to your evidence and explains why your position is correct. It also explains the conclusion to be
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Fallacies are defects that have the power to weaken an argument. Fallacious arguments are much more common than we may think‚ and they tend be persuasive to the casual listener or reader. Politicians‚ celebrities‚ and advertisement commercials constantly make use of them. As an example of a fallacy‚ I’m going to use the Hollywood celebrity Alec Baldwin in the commercial for Hulu. Alec Baldwin is known for his success in the movie industry. His career began on television in an NBC soap opera called
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Solving Spring 2013 Assignment 1 Short Argument (10%=Constructing A Short Argument) Purpose of Assignment • This is an individual assignment. • This assignment will help students understand the argumentation process involved in critical thinking. This assignment will also help students recognize key features and concepts in particular aspects of argumentation. Objectives • To help students articulate a short argument. • To help students understand key terms and
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Glossary An argument web is an argument which is both multi-reason and multi-layer. A chain of reasoning is a multi-layer argument. Usually the term is applied to arguments with more than two layers. A claim is a proposition put forward by somebody as true. A proposition is an idea which is either true or false. Collectively exhaustive (CE): Within a group‚ considerations should cover all the relevant‚ serious arguments; they should leave no gaps. CE is the second aspect of the MECE rule. A conclusion
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The argument that there is no cataleptic impression is a sound argument based on the four claims given to us. When an impression is said to be cataleptic it means that it is so true that it cannot be doubted. Each given premise can be deemed true through reasoning; and through that very logic‚ we come to conclude that the argument against cataleptic impressions is a valid one. The arguments are as follows: 1. Some impressions are true and others false. 2. A false impression is not cataleptic. 3.
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