Ronald Coase noted‚“The cost of doing anything consists of the receipts that could have been obtained if that particular decision had not been taken.” For example‚ the opportunity set for this Friday night includes the movies‚ a concert‚ staying home and studying‚ staying home and watching television‚ inviting friends over‚ and so forth. The opportunity cost of taking job A included the forgone salary of $102‚000 plus the $5‚000 of intangibles from job B. Opportunity cost is the sacrifice of
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Hussam Hasan Karim University of Basrah College of Arts/ Department of English Contrastive analysis as Applied Linguistics Contrastive analysis is a branch of linguistics. It is a linguistic enterprise aimed at producing inverted (i.e. contrastive‚ not comparative) two-valued typologies (a CA is always concerned with a pair of languages)‚ and founded on the assumption that languages can be compared (Carl James‚1983( . contrastive analysis includes all fields of linguistics such as phonology
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Applied Business Law – 27 Individual Work 1 Jessica Gaskins You are an employee at a nice paper mill and want to impress the boss by burning the midnight oil (but not too close to the wood pulp). For four consecutive weeks‚ you work forty-five‚ forty-two‚ thirty-nine‚ and thirty-one hours. If you are a nonexempt employee covered by the Fair Labor Standards Act‚ how many hours of overtime pay‚ if any‚ would you be entitled to? What would be the rate? The Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 is
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future." Budgeting actually refers to the process that‚ after the strategic plan of the business has been made‚ companies made a short term plan (usually one year) to meet the strategic purpose. Traditional budgeting has offered a lot of contributions in so many years’ practice. But it seems it is more and more unsuitable for the modern business. In this paper‚ I will give a brief induction for traditional budgeting; and then discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the traditional budgeting; last I
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Applied Game Theory Christophe Crombez Crombez: Applied Game Theory. 1 Applied Game Theory Introduction Crombez: Applied Game Theory. 2 What is Game Theory? • a way of analyzing strategic interactions • appropriate to study situations in which several people take decisions‚ and o their decisions affect each other’s payoffs • equivalent of decision theory o Crombez: Applied Game Theory. 3 Course Objectives • introduce you to game theory to understand papers that
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CHAPTER 29 Capital Budgeting Meaning The term Capital Budgeting refers to the long-term planning for proposed capital outlays or expenditure for the purpose of maximizing return on investments. The capital expenditure may be : (1) Cost of mechanization‚ automation and replacement. (2) Cost of acquisition of fixed assets. e.g.‚ land‚ building and machinery etc. (3) Investment on research and development. (4) Cost of development and expansion of existing and new projects. DEFINITION OF CAPITAL
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use ABB in the budgeting process. Referring to ABB‚ companies do well in their budgeting period. This shows that ABB itself has many outstanding characters. In this article we will compare it with traditional budget method‚ so that it could give us a general survey about the characters and benefits ABB has. What is Activity-Based Budgeting (ABB) Definition of ABB Brimson says ABB is a managing process that based on the activity level‚ in order to get lasting improvement on cost and operation (Brimson
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products. Chuck questioned if the current cost-management system was providing the management with accurate data about product costs. In a traditional‚ volume-based product-costing system‚ only a single predetermine overhead rate is used. All manufacturing-overhead costs are combined into one cost pool‚ a grouping of individual indirect cost items‚ and they are applied to products on the basis of a single variable that costs over a given time span (cost driver) that is closely related to production
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margin per haircut. Assume that the barbers’ compensation is a fixed cost. Show calculations to support your answer. Contribution margin is the marginal income per unit sold. The formula is the per unit sales price minus the variable cost per unit. For Andre‚ with a sales price of $12.00 and a variable cost of $0.40 per cut‚ his Contribution Margin (income per cut) is $11.60: unit sales price $ 12.00 - variable cost $ 0.40 shampoo = cont margin $ 11.60 = $12
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ACTIVITY-BASED BUDGETING Budget a financial plan of the resources needed to carry out tasks and meet financial goals. A quantitative expression of the goals the organization wishes to achieve and the cost of attaining these goals. Budgeting the act of preparing a budget. Budgetary control the use of budgets to control a firm’s activities. Master budget (planning budget/ budget plan) a summary of all phases of a company’s plans and goals for the future. Indicates the sales levels‚ production and cost levels
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