Logical Fallacies Logical fallacies have existed since the dawn of time. As defined by Bassham et al a logical fallacy "is an argument that contains a mistake in reasoning." With this definition one must keep in mind that the definition of an argument according to Bassham et al is "a claim put forward and defended by reasons." The ability to recognize logical fallacy will enable one to break down an argument. This ability is crucial to the critical thinking process. Logical fallacies can be
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Fallacy Summary and Application: Three Fallacies and Organizational Examples The concept of critical thinking can be a difficult task. The process involves analyzing an argument and determining whether it ’s fallacious or not. An argument is fallacious when there is an error in its reasoning. Bassham‚ Irwin‚ Nardone and Wallace (2002) suggest there are two types of fallacies: (1) fallacies of relevance and (2) fallacies of insufficient evidence. This case study will analyze three fallacies
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politics mix. Throughout the years many musicians and bands have used their music as a vehicle to express their political views Time has shown again and again how music can be used in a variety of political expressions such as in protest themes‚ for example anti-war songs and at the other end of the spectrum‚ pro-establishment ideas such as national anthems. ‘The Internationale’ is a widely sung left-wing anthem. It is one of the most recognizable songs of the socialist movement and is the official
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Various persuasive techniques such as‚ rhetorical devices‚ must be incorporated in a persuasive document in order to successfully persuade the audience. Thomas Jefferson uses various rhetorical devices within ¨The Declaration of Independence¨ in order to create an effective argument‚ and to inspire action within his people. Within “The Declaration of Independence‚” Jefferson was able to express the colonies compelling reasons for separation through his electrifying phrases. Throughout the document
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Assumptions and Fallacies Critical and Creative Thinking University of Phoenix Appendix D: Assumptions and Fallacies • What are assumptions? How do you think assumptions might interfere with critical thinking? What might you do to avoid making assumptions in your thinking? Assumption is an idea one believes to be true based on prior experience or one’s belief systems. (Elder & Paul‚ 2002) Assumptions are a part of our belief system but we don’t know that they are true or not. Assumptions
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January 10‚ President Donald Trump delivered his first State of the Union address. A large portion of his speech was devoted to the controversial topic of immigration reform. A careful analysis of his remarks reveals that he does not want undocumented people living in America. Although he does squeeze in some ideas that will allow a limited amount of immigrants to receive citizenship most were ideas to them keep out or severely hurt their chances. Trump uses a series of rhetorical devices to label undocumented
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Types of Fallacy 1) Fallacy of Accident/ Fallacy of Sweeping Generalization - occurs when one reason with the generalization as if it has no exceptions. Examples: 1) Cutting people with a knife is a crime Surgeons cut people with knives Therefore‚ surgeons are criminals. 2) Birds can fly Penguins are birds Therefore‚ penguins can fly 3) Speeding up above 50 kph is a crime. Therefore‚ ambulance drivers are criminals. 2) Fallacy of Converse Accident - occurs when
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red herring fallacy to illustrate how people often throw arguments off course by raising an irrelevant issue. During an argument between Putman and Proctor‚ Miller writes‚ “I [Putman] never heard you so worried about society‚ Mr. Proctor. I do not think I saw you at Sabbath meeting since snow flew” (Miller I. 28). Miller shows how Putman effectively derails the conversation‚ preventing the other people from continuing to talk about witchcraft. Miller’s use of the red herring fallacy helps to develop
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Be Specific The sun was shining on the flower in the window‚ no‚ wait‚ scratch that. The summer sun was shining on the pink rose sitting on the windowsill. Now doesn’t that sound better? Natalie Goldberg believes people should be specific. It paints a vivid picture when we do. Buying a book of the names of plants and flowers in her environment was her start to feeling ore connected and grounded to our Earth. To know what you are looking at on the path to your home from school may make you
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Dwight D. Eisenhower surpassed any expectation he had as if any were in his way. The birth of the yet-to-be leader of the free world was occurring and‚ family were all gathering around in this Texas farmhouse. The year was 1890 and this was where Dwight Eisenhower was born and where he was going to live for the rest of his youth. He lived in a full house where sports was the matter of attention. He lived here until the military came into his life and that was the end of his short youth which for
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