business. Product is replaced by Customer: You have to study consumer wants and needs and then attract consumers one by one with something each one wants.It is to create a custom solution rather than pigeon-holing a customer into a product. Pricing is replaced by cost‚ reflecting the reality of the total cost of ownership. Many factors affect cost‚ including but not limited to the customers cost to change or implement the new product or service and the customers cost for not selecting a competitors
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Profitability Ratios Profitability ratios measure two aspects of a corporation’s profits: (1) those elements of operations that contribute to profit and (2) the relationship of profit to total investment and investment by stockholders. The first group of profitability ratios [gross profit (or gross margin) percentage‚ operating margin percentage‚ and net profit margin percentage] expresses income statement elements as percentages of net sales. The second group of profitability ratios (return on
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- 140248921 Anirudh Thakor - 140994501 Jigar Ajmera - 140249021 1. Executive Summary This report is a summary of the comparison of ratio analysis of two companies Morrisons Plc. and Sainsbury Plc. for the accounting period 2010-2011 and 2011-2012. It focuses basically on various ratios such as Profitability Ratio‚ Liquidity Ratio‚ Gearing Ratio‚ Efficiency Ratio and Investors Ratio. This ratios will give us an overview of the companys financial performance of Morrison and
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behavior---------------------------------------3 3 Evaluation of profitability analysis---------------------------------4 4 Conclusion and recommendation----------------------------------8 References--------------------------------------------------------------------9 Executive summary This report provides an evaluation of Woolworths in respect of ethical behavior and profitability analysis to fulfill an investor’s ethical requirement. The investigation
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PROFITABILITY RATIOS One of the most important measures of a company’s success is its profitability. However‚ individual figures shown in the income statement/profit and loss account for gross profit and net profit mean very little by themselves. When these profit figures are expressed as a percentage of sales‚ they are more useful. This percentage can then be compared with those of previous years‚ or with the percentages of other similar companies. Changes in the gross profit percentage ratio
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Profitability Ratios A class of financial metrics that are used to assess a business’s ability to generate earnings as compared to its expenses and other relevant costs incurred during a specific period of time. For most of these ratios‚ having a higher value relative to a competitor’s ratio or the same ratio from a previous period is indicative that the company is doing well. Gross Profit Margin A financial metric used to assess a firm’s financial health by revealing the proportion of
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have Mn and Tn 2 4 3 n n T T S − = n ‚ for example 32 16 16 4 3 T T S − = A quick way to get Sn when you have T2n and Tn Best estimate based on calculated valuesMn and M2nobtained from a G.P. 2 4 3 M n − Mn "Best midpoint" = ‚ e.g. 16 8 4 3 M − M Use this for a quick best estimate when you have calculated two successive midpoint values like M8 and M16
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Profitability Ratios Profitability Ratios attempt to measure the firm’s success in generating income. These ratios reflect the combined effects of the firm’s asset and debt management. Profit Margin The Profit Margin indicates the dollars in income that the firm earns on each dollar of sales. This ratio is calculated by dividing Net Income by Sales. Return on Assets (ROA) and Return on Equity (ROE) The Return on Assets Ratio indicates the dollars in income earned by the firm on its assets
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who & how N.I estimated in India from time to time? (Muni) Write the history of national income estimates in India? What are the estimates of National Income before and after independence? Ans: Estimations of National Income before independence: Several estimates of National Income were prepared during the British period. The 1st estimate of national income was prepared by Dadabhai Nauroji for the year 1867 - 68. Accordingly the N.I and Per Capita
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Economic History Topic Report ECO 3183 Topic title: Profitability of Slavery Briefly state the two opposing views. A. Abolitionists condemned slavery based on moral‚ social‚ and economic reasons. Many believed that slaves were mistreated and were often subjected to corporal punishment. Others argued that the forced labor of blacks was inefficient and unproductive for various racial and economic reasons. Ulrich Phillip’s studies from the antebellum slavery in the south claimed that although
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