AC 4342 Auditing Introduction to assurance and financial statement auditing Discussion Question: Messier Q1-13‚ 14 1 References HKICPA Members’ Handbook Amended Preface to the Hong Kong Quality Control‚ Auditing‚ Review‚ Other Assurance‚ and Related Services Pronouncements Hong Kong Framework for Assurance Engagements Reference Messier: Ch 1 2 CILOs and TLAs CILOs 1 Describe the auditing profession‚ the regulatory‚ legal and reporting framework of auditing. Recognize the basic
Premium Auditing Auditor's report Financial audit
INTRODUCTION; 2 DEFINITIONS 3 Auditing 3 Financial statements: 4 Educational institutions 4 FINANCIAL AUDITING: 5 Objectives of auditing: 5 Primary objects 6 Subsidiary objects: 6 General Principles Governing an Audit of Financial Statements 6 Qualities of an auditor: 7 Types of audit: 7 Statutory audits: 7 Private audits 7 Internal audits: 7 Required procedures: 8 Auditors report: 9 AUDITING OF EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS 9 INTRODUCTION: 9 Background of auditing educational institutions:
Premium Auditing Audit Internal control
9.19 Assertions Background information Existence or occurrence: -assets or liabilities of the entity exist at a given date and whether recorded transactions or events have occurred during the period Completeness: -transactions‚ events and accounts that should be presented in the financial statement are included Cut-off -all transactions‚ events and accounts have been recorded in the correct period Right and obligations: -assests represent rights of the entity and liabilities are the obligations
Premium Generally Accepted Accounting Principles Balance sheet
1. The shipping industry structure will be explained via the 5 competitive forces of Porter: THREAT OF NEW ENTRANTS | New entrants face entry barriers such as: Large financial resources required to invest in a container terminal or in a shipping line. There is a big time lag between the investment (buying cranes‚ ordering vessels) and the start of operations. Conferences among shipping lines will determine the price and other conditions of the market. Vertical integration between terminals
Premium
Auditing is the accumulation and evaluation of evidence about information to determine and report on the degree of correspondence between the information and established criteria (Arens‚ Elder‚ & Beasley‚ 2010). Auditing should be done by a competent‚ independent person. Accounting is the recording‚ classifying‚ and summarizing of economic events in a logical manner for the purpose of providing financial information for decision making (Arens‚ Elder‚ & Beasley‚ 2010). Many people confuse auditing
Premium Auditing Financial audit Certified Public Accountant
Drybulk Shipping – Strategic Analysis By Hilmi Armoush HA519 Table of Contents Executive Summary 2 Macroeconomic Drivers 3 PESTEL Analysis 3 Key Drivers 4 Critical Uncertainties 4 Future Scenarios 6 Sailing in the Dark 6 Imbalance Seas 6 The Greener Wins 7 Sea Marathon 8 Competitive Analyses – Drybulk Shipping 8 Market Outlook 8 Porter Five Forces Model 9 Entry Barriers 9 Threat of Substitutes 10 Bargaining Power of Buyers 10 Bargaining Power of Suppliers 10 Rivalry between
Premium Strategic management Economics Barriers to entry
‘Timely and valid internal and external audits are a primary safeguard against unethical financial behaviour’. Assess the accuracy of the statement. INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL AUDITING Introduction by Emil Nacua Timely and Valid internal and external audits are a primary safeguard which prevents unethical financial behaviour within a business. Audits examine the past and present financial records as they are important to maintain accuracy for those who use the records as they are an aspect of
Premium Balance sheet Business ethics Ethics
EXPORT PROCEDURE 1. An exporter receives an enquiry from the prospective buyers seeking information regarding price‚ quality & other terms conditions for export of goods. The exporter sends a quotation known as proforma invoice as reply. 2. If the buyer is satisfied with the export price & other terms & conditions‚ he places the order or indent for the goods. 3. After receiving the order or indent‚ the exporter undertakes an enquiry regarding the credit worthiness of importer to assess the
Premium International trade Export Commercial item transport and distribution
Chapter 1—Auditing and Internal Control TRUE/FALSE 1. Corporate management (including the CEO) must certify monthly and annually their organization’s internal controls over financial reporting. ANS: F PTS: 1 2. Both the SEC and the PCAOB require management to use the COBIT framework for assessing internal control adequacy. ANS: F PTS: 1 3. Both the SEC and the PCAOB require management to use the COSO framework for assessing internal control adequacy. ANS: F PTS: 1 4. A qualified opinion
Premium Internal control Auditing Audit
INCOTERMS USE FOR SHIPPING TERMS Incoterms rules are international trade terms promulgated by the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC). Though used primarily in international trade‚ they are seeing increasing use in domestic trade. When used‚ they should specify the specific shipping term‚ the location‚ Incoterms‚ and the edition. An example is “DAT Pier 82 Port of Philadelphia Incoterms® 2010.” Incoterms rules specify the point at which risk of loss occurs‚ but not‚ strictly speaking‚
Premium Containerization Shipping Intermodal freight transport