Influence of Capital Structure on Leverage of Cement Sector in Pakistan CONTACT NUMBERS: ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First of all we would like to thank Allah Almighty for granting us the capability and courage to work on this report with my best efforts‚ and for the patience and perseverance endowed by Him. We would also like to thank Mr. H. JAMAL ZUBAIRI for giving us the chance to work on this report and for his guidance‚ advice and examples during regular sessions which
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Determinants of capital structure In finance‚ capital structure refers to the way a corporation finances its assets through some combination of equity‚ debt‚ or hybrid securities. A firm ’s capital structure is then the composition or ’structure ’ of its liabilities. Simply‚ capital structure refers to the mix of debt and equity used by a firm in financing its assets. The capital structure decision is one of the most important decisions made by financial management. The capital structure decision is
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- 1 Introduction 1.1 Introduction Capital structure concept holds a major place in a financial management. Capital structure refers the proportion of debt and equity capital .A perfect balance between debt and equity is required to ensure tradeoff between risk and return. Thus‚ optimal capital structure means the capital structure having reasonable of proportion of debt and equity. An optimal financial structure makes better use of society’s fund of capital resource ‚and thus it increase the total
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Capital Structure Stewart C. Myers The Journal of Economic Perspectives‚ Vol. 15‚ No. 2. (Spring‚ 2001)‚ pp. 81-102. Stable URL: http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0895-3309%28200121%2915%3A2%3C81%3ACS%3E2.0.CO%3B2-D The Journal of Economic Perspectives is currently published by American Economic Association. Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR ’s Terms and Conditions of Use‚ available at http://www.jstor.org/about/terms.html. JSTOR ’s Terms and Conditions of Use
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MCI COMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION Introduction In 1982‚ the Justice department ordered the separation of ATT into local subsidiaries. MCI was one of the main competitors of AT&T and the impact of this new competition on MCI was uncertain. In this case the financial impact of this increased competition will be analyzed. Analysis of External Financing Needs for MCI from 1983 to 1989 Please see Exhibit 1 and Exhibit 2 MCI’s external needs will keep increasing over the next few years as the operating
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major theories on capital structure: By way of a conventional start‚ perhaps it would be worth our while to look at what "capital structure" actually means. In broad terms‚ it is essentially the firms ’ mix of debt and equity but it would be wrong to assume that this is all there is to it. These two terms belie the complexity that lies beneath‚ from the viewpoint of the decisions that any firm must take - that is to say‚ what kind of debt and which type of equity. Capital structuring would then
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Capital Structure Theories Capital Structure Capital Structure is the proportion of debt‚ preference and equity capitals in the total financing of the firm’s assets. The main objective of financial management is to maximize the value of the equity shares of the firm. Given this objective‚ the firm has to choose that financing mix/capital structure that results in maximizing the wealth of the equity shareholders. Such a capital structure is called as the optimum capital structure. At the optimum
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During the course of operations of any company‚ once the capital budgeting decisions have been made and proposals selected‚ the most important question before the finance manager is to arrange sufficient funds to finance them. Funds are also required to keep existing projects going on and the company can raise funds required for investment either by increasing the owners’ claims or the creditors’ claims or both. The claims of the owners increases when the company raises the funds by issuing equity
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Capital Structure Policy In the normal course of business‚ Columbia Sportswear’s financial position and results operations are subject to a variety of market risks. Those market risks include interest movements on borrowing and investment activities. As well as the volatility of currency exchange rate movement. The business is also affected by the general seasonal trends due to the nature of outdoor industry. In 2011‚ approximately 65% of the net sale and all of their profitability were realized
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Assignment: Capital Structure PART A 1. Apple Corporation has 2.5 million shares outstanding with a market value of $2.00 each (expected return = 16%) and debt with a market value of $1‚ 000‚000 and a return of 10% Required a. What is the return on the capital of Apple Corporation? [Show all workings and formulae) [7.5 marks] 2. Samsung generates pre-tax earnings of $2‚000‚000 per year. Currently it has issued 1 million shares which sell for $10 each. Samsung has no debt in
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