1 In a process cost system‚ product costs are summarized: on job cost sheets. when the products are sold. after each unit is produced. on production cost reports. What decision criteria should managers use in selecting projects when there is not enough capital to invest in all available positive NPV projects? the internal rate of return the discounted payback the profitability index the modified internal rate of return 3 Horizontal
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make long-term investments in new product lines‚ new equipment and other assets‚ managers must know the cost of obtaining funds to acquire these assets. The cost associated with different sources of funds is called the cost of capital. . If the business earns more than its cost of capital‚ the market value of the business will increase. Likewise‚ if returns on long-term investments are below the cost of capital‚ market values will decline. Therefore‚ how we manage capital is extremely important to fulfilling
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Marketing and Manufacturing: The Coexistence Introduction: Marketing and Manufacturing are the two extremes for any production company who aims at market capture. The dedicated marketing team‚ with the job of enhanced sales and better hold on the market works day in and day out for the organization whereas the product they aim to market is a result of the hard work‚ precision and determination of a number of employees working in unison to build a market ready product. Often this has been observed
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Question 2) Manufacturing plays a key role in modern economy. The last decades of globalization period drastically changed the manufacturing industry. Advancement in technology changed the traditional concepts of manufacturing and huge hike in production. Development of the manufacturing can be classified in to three era‚ beginning of manufacturing‚ current manufacturing‚ manufacturing in future. Beginning of manufacturing: before all manufacturing operations were done by hand. Without any computer
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Agency Costs of Free Cash Flow‚ Corporate Finance‚ and Takeovers Michael C. Jensen Harvard Business School MJensen@hbs.edu Abstract The interests and incentives of managers and shareholders conflict over such issues as the optimal size of the firm and the payment of cash to shareholders. These conflicts are especially severe in firms with large free cash flows—more cash than profitable investment opportunities. The theory developed here explains 1) the benefits of debt in reducing agency
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Costs of Production July 2011 Topics to be Discussed Measuring Cost: Which Costs Matter? How do Cost Curves Behave? – Cost in the Short Run – Cost in the Long Run How to Minimize Cost? How to draw Implications for Business Strategy? Topics to be Discussed Production with Two Outputs: Economies of Scope Dynamic Changes in Costs: The Learning Curve Estimating and Predicting Cost Measuring Cost: Which Costs Matter? Accountants tend to take a retrospective view of firms’ costs‚ whereas
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Is the company correct in its decision of not manufacturing standard model compressors on Sundays? Why? Show your calculations. Decision making should be based on change of RELEVANT items ONLY. The company’s calculation is WRONG‚ as it takes into concern of irrelevant fixed cost. By double-counting depreciation‚ other Mfg. overheads‚ SG&A in Sunday’s cost; it distorts the P&L sheet. To correctly show cost structure for decision making‚ there are two different approaches‚ yet each should reach
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you think that your manufacturing job is safe‚ you would be wrong. Throughout your working career there may come a time that you will lose your job or have to change careers due to outsourcing. What is outsourcing? Adams (2006) states‚ "True outsourcing is nothing more that shifting a company’s non-core function to a third party which makes those functions its core competency while delivering economies of scale" (p.1‚ para 5). Companies in the manufacturing sector are resorting
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Organizations Related Resources Service Providers/Consultants Tools Best Practice Vetting Process Integrated Product and Process Development (IPPD) Pair Programming Software Acquisition Best Practice Software Program Managers Network (SPMN) Software Cost Estimation Best Practices Case Studies Education and Training Experts Literature Programs and
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CHAPTER ONE 1.0 INTRODUCTION This chapter discusses the background to the study‚ statement of the problem‚ the objectives‚ and research question‚ significance of the study‚ scope and limitations. 1.1 Background to the study A negotiation is an interactive communication process that takes place whenever we want something from someone else or another person wants something from us. Most of us negotiate with one another frequently. Once we realize this‚ theoretically‚ we have
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