What Is An Organizational Structure? An organizational structure defines the reporting relationships in a company - in other words‚ who works for who. Companies choose an organizational structure based on many factors‚ including their size‚ their geographic dispersion‚ and the number of different products and services they offer. What Is A Functional Organizational Structure? In a functional organizational structure ‚ an organization’s reporting relationships are grouped based on specialty‚ or functional
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30017 Corporate Finance Hannes Wagner The included PDF files are examples of case study write-ups made by students of the 30017 Corporate Finance course in 2012-2013. The underlying case was “Hutchison Whampoa Limited: The Capital Structure Decision”. The write-ups were evaluated as “excellent” and the students have agreed for their work to be distributed. All rights to their work remain with them. The instructions that students received were the following: “Your assignment is to provide a written
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What is meant by ‘Civil Society’ and is it a useful concept? Introduction Although the term “civil society” can be traced to ancient Greece‚ as Martin Shaw has explained‚ the modern concept of civil society originated from the philosophical and political thinking of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. At that time the thinking “began to distinguish systematically between the spheres of state and society” (Shaw‚ 1996: 296-278). The essence of the concept of civil society was its
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While business ethics emerged as a field in the 1970s‚ international business ethics did not emerge until the late 1990s‚ looking back on the international developments of that decade. Many new practical issues arose out of the international context of business. Theoretical issues such as cultural relativity of ethical values receive more emphasis in this field. Other‚ older issues can be grouped here as well. Issues and subfields include: The search for universal values as a basis for international
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A Framework for the Selection of an Optimal Custom House Agent by Exim Firms Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process V Kannan* This paper aims at providing a framework to exim firms for the selection of an optimal Custom House Agent (CHA) by using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). For the study‚ two focus groups were conducted. One for exploring the criteria which contribute to the selection of an optimal CHA and the other for bringing out the relative importance of these criteria. The moderators
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affecting Airline companies and safety is the first thing customers will consider. Since the ticket of Airline are usually expensive‚ customers would not give their money to the firms they do not trust. Secondly‚ this industry needs planes and experience of flying which also lowers the threat of new entrants. If a new firm plan to enter this industry‚ they need to firstly become licensed which may take more than one year‚ and after that they will be constantly being regulated by different organizations
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Application of Capital Structure‚ Costs of Capital for Multiple Division firms Case Analysis: Pioneer Petroleum Corporation (PPC).1 Submitted by: Joseph Donato N. Pangilinan‚ FICD Date Presented: April 12‚ 2012 Introduction: This landmark case seeks to break the risk-reward trade off involved in calculating Capital Cost. The object of the solution must be to minimize project risks while maximizing project opportunities available. We want a rate and a rating system that does not unnecessarily
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CASH HOLDINGS‚ WORKING CAPITAL AND FIRM VALUE: EVIDENCE FROM FRANCE Ruta AUTUKAITE* – Eric MOLAY** Abstract: Although companies deal with day-to-day short term financial decisions‚ in corporate finance the emphasis is being put on long term financial issues when talking about company’s value. In this paper a sample of French listed companies was chosen to assess the importance of short term financial decisions to company’s value by testing the following hypotheses: an extra euro invested in cash
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debt to total capital approaching 70%‚ as opposed to a target ratio of 60%. While some investors welcome HCA’s more aggressive use of leverage‚ others are worried that HCA’s capital structure could decrease the company’s current A bond rating. As a result of increased debt‚ a decline in HCA’s first-quarter earnings per share could occur. The company faces the problem of deciding what should be done to its capital structure and whether reducing the ratio of debt to total capital to match the target
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1.Explain what is meant by the term ‘physical change’ A physical change is where the appearance or traits of the substance/item change these changes can be‚ change of size‚ shape‚ color‚ volume and state. The molecules in the substance can be rearranged but their composition must stay the same. No new substance can be formed. They can be reversed most of the time. 2. Describe one example of a physical change in everyday life and explain why it is a physical change. Melting an ice cube is a common
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