assault rate in 2014 was 371 per 100 000 (Queensland Police Service‚ 2016). When interpreting this data using the “Broken Windows” theory‚ a trend appears. There is a significant presence of graffiti throughout Wyoming Street in Detroit (Appendix 1‚ 2‚ 5) as well as obvious dumped rubbish‚ abandoned cars and derelict buildings (Appendix 2‚ 3‚ 4‚ 5‚ 6). The “Broken Windows” theory suggests that neighbourhoods where such visible signs of physical disorder are present tend to correlate with the presence
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Vygotsky’s Social Learning Theory: Importance of social interactions in learning First there is a social interaction. Social interaction leads to the development of cognition. Children do not develop in isolation. Vygotsky (1978) states: "Every function in the child’s cultural development appears twice: first‚ on the social level‚ and later‚ on the individual level; first‚ between people (interpsychological) and then inside the child (intrapsychological). This applies equally to voluntary attention
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The Cognitive Association Theory discusses drug addiction through others‚ individuals value‚ attitudes‚ and motives for criminal behavior. The addiction of the drug is used by withdrawal of distress‚ but without the absence of withdrawal‚ then one does not become addicted. The addiction is quick and permanent‚ especially if one uses other drugs. Some have solid concrete evidence support for this theory. Thio‚ Taylor‚ and Schwartz‚ state‚ “among patients who have been given morphine to kill their
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Interpersonal Process Theory is a relational approach to psychotherapy that centers on the relationship‚ or working alliance‚ between the client and the therapist (Teyber‚ 2000). This theory stems from the premise that problems are interpersonal in nature and central to the theory is the belief that the working alliance is the primary vehicle for change in the client. Such change occurs by way of a corrective emotional experience (CEE)‚ which is made possible by an effective working alliance that
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feelings in the relationship. Throughout young adulthood there are stages of cognitive and emotional development described by many theorists such as William Perry’s nine positions during post formal thought. Cognitive Development William Perry’s theory focuses on cognitive and moral development of college students. This stage-based
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Examine the contribution of functionalist sociologists to an understanding of the family (24 marks). Functionalists regard society as a system made up of different parts that depend on each other such as a family. They see family as an important “organ” in the “body” of society. This is because they tend to look at the family in terms of the functions it performs for the benefit of society and the individual. They see the nuclear family of 2 parents with 2 children as the “ideal”. George Peter
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• Applying a Structural-functionalist perspective can help understand how the issue is affecting society. A way that teen pregnancy in low socioeconomic areas helped shape society is the production of more jobs in certain industries; e.g. planned parenthood • Another way this theory can be applied shows the increase of taxes Australians pay. According to the NCPTP “teen childbearing costs taxpayers at least 9 billion each year” [1] • Studies also show that 52% of mothers on welfare had their first
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Schmidt proposed his Schema Theory of Motor Learning. This theory was produced as an alternative theory to Adams’ Closed Loop Theory (1971). Schmidt (1982‚ p.482) says “In 1975‚ largely due to my dissatisfaction with Adams’ position‚ I formulated a theory that can be considered a rival to Adams’.” Schmidt had concerns about Adams’ theory‚ that it didn’t place enough emphasis on open loop control processes. According to Schmidt (1982) a major limitation of this theory is that it focuses on slow‚
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Kavanaugh’s theory‚ includes 7 behaviors or feelings‚ which entail‚ shock and denial‚ disorganization‚ volatile reactions‚ guilt‚ loss and loneliness‚ relief‚ and reestablishment (Leming and Dickinson‚ 2016). Shock and denial is a common experience for a loved one‚
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Functionalism is a consensus structuralist theory‚ which sees the source of crime and deviance located in the structure of society. Although crime and deviance might be stigmatised in society‚ some sociologist think it is important to have it occur and there are some benefits to it. Durkheim (1982) argued that crime is an inevitable feature of social life‚ because individuals are composed to different influences and circumstances‚ and so not everyone can be equally committed to the shared values
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