5-1 Bond Valuation with Annual payments Jackson Corporation’s bonds have 12 years remaining to maturity. Interest is paid annually‚ the bonds have a $1‚000 par value‚ and the coupon interest rate is 8%. The bonds have a yield to maturity of 9%. What is the current market price of these bonds? F= par value C= maturity value R= coupon rate per coupon payment period I= effective interest rate per coupon payment period N= number of coupon paynments F= 1000 so C should = 1000 r= .08 i=
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The characteristic of a convertible bond The convertible bond is one kind of equity-linked bonds. The term of the bond entitles bondholder to convert bonds into shares of the company or another company in the same group‚ at an agreed-upon conversion price‚ among a fixed period. The reason why it is made in this form is that the issuer can benefit from four aspects as follow‚ (1) better terms. A convertible bond have a lower interest rate‚ less restrictive covenants or the subordination of bondholders’
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Kenya’s Pension Fund Industry amounts to approximately KShs 200 billion reference‚ or the equivalent of 23% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP). These funds are currently operated by statutory contributions under National Social Security Fund (“NSSF”)‚ sponsor-led schemes and individual Retirement Benefit Schemes reference. | These pension funds are established by employers to facilitate and organize the investment of employees’ retirement funds contributed by both the employers and the employees
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Value of Money to Security Valuation – Valuation of Bonds and Debt Securities A bond or a debenture is a long term debt instrument carrying a fixed rate of interest which is known to investors. A bond is redeemable after a specified period. Bonds are also called gilt edged securities or gilt when issued by the government since it is free of default risk. Features of a Bond or Debenture • Face Value – Face value is called par value. A bond / debenture is generally issued at a par value and
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the terms of reference‚ the Committee needed to review and make recommendations on the following issues: a. Ownership structure of stock exchanges and clearing corporations b. Board composition of stock exchanges and clearing corporations c. Listing and governance of stock exchanges and clearing corporations d. Balance between regulatory and business functions of stock exchanges and clearing corporations‚ with
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coloured clothes displaying the poor wages. In what ways would living in this type of _ENVIRONMENT_ possible impact on people’s wellbeing? The pollution caused by the overflowing garbage can create toxic fumes that may harm the residents health. The cramped spaces with high population density means there is more demand for resources which can mean a rapid rate of shortage or lack of resources and in turn‚ it can affect the resident’s wellbeing. What would be the main forms of transport in the slum
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1.1 INTRODUCTION Every investment is characterised by return and risk. The concept of risk is intuitively understood by investors. In general‚ it refers to the possibility of incurring a loss in a financial transaction. But risk involves much more than that. The word ‘risk’ has a definite financial meaning. The possibility of variation of the actual return from the expected return is termed risk. Corporate securities and government securities constitute important
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Holding Therapy What is Holding Therapy? Holding therapy was developed by Dr. Martha Welch in the late 1970s. Dr. Welch was a psychiatrist in New York who began using it with children with autism. Later‚ she outlined her form of therapy in a book titled‚ Holding Time (Welch‚ 1988). Originally‚ Dr. Welch discovered holding therapy with autistic children. Later‚ however‚ she began using this therapy with typical children as well and‚ in her opinion‚ discovered equally satisfying results
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LECTURE STOCK VALUATION 1. Common stock valuation A share of common stock is more difficult to value in practice than a bond‚ for at least three reasons. First‚ with common stock‚ not even the promised cash flows are known in a advance. Second‚ the life of the investment is essentially forever‚ since common stock has no maturity. Third‚ there is no way to easily observe the rate of return that the market requires. Nonetheless‚ as we will see‚ there are cases in which we can come up with
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Convertible Bonds A convertible bond is a bond that can be converted into shares of common stock. Therefore‚ these are two sources of value for this security: the value of the bond components‚ and the value from possibly converting the security into shares of common stock. Features of a Convertible Bond The basic features of a convertible bond can be illustrated by a hypothetical example. On November 1‚ 2003 ("today")‚ Apple‚ had $400 million in 8.80 percent (annual payments) convertible bonds due in
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