Discuss whether marginal utility theory is a realistic piece of economic analysis in explaining consumer demand. [13marks] Marginal utility is the extra satisfaction gained from the consumption of an additional unit of a good or service. It can be specified as the change in total utility divided by the change in quantity. The concepts of market demand and law of demand often utilized marginal utility as the backbone‚ the theoretical basis. An example would be the demand curve‚ which is usually
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Explain how the law of diminishing returns and returns to scale affect a firm’s cost of production (20 Marks) The law of diminishing returns exist when increasing quantities of a variable input are combined with a fixed input‚ which eventually leads to the marginal product and the average product of that variable input will decline. Diminishing returns can affect a firms cost of production negatively in the short run. An example of this is that a business had 2 factors of production; Capital‚ which
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|14‚000 |26‚000 | |$90‚000 |12‚000 |30‚000 | What is the equilibrium wage? $60‚000 Now‚ consider this scenario: Due to an increase in the internet security threats‚ the government wants to apply a price control in this market to encourage more people to become internet security professionals. Assume
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THE MARGINAL WORLD The edge of the sea is a place in which wave‚ by wave had broken against the land‚ and where the ocean never rests‚ never stops‚ it is always in constant movement‚ it is always changing‚ and the ebb tide knows extreme parts of the world‚ and it is exposed to different temperatures. Living in there‚ in the shore‚ is difficult for animals only the most hardly and adaptable of them can survive‚ but there is a variety of species in there‚ there are also deep in the sand‚ were they
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Labour productivity = production/labour When productivity changes‚ it affects how productive an economy is. Labour‚ as an input in production‚ helps to determine total output. When productivity falls‚ labour‚ as an input‚ produces less goods and thus total production falls. The PPP (also known as the PPF) moves inward to represent the fewer production choices available. When productivity increases‚ the curve shifts outward to represents increased production and production choices. DEFINITION of
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MIT ICAT Operating Costs and Productivity Measures Dr. Peter P. Belobaba 16.75J/1.234J Airline Management February 15‚ 2006 MIT ICAT DOT Form 41 • Form 41 contains traffic‚ financial‚ and operating cost data reported to the DOT by US Major airlines – Data is reported and published quarterly for most tables – Detail of reporting differs for different expense categories • Aircraft operating expenses by aircraft type and region of operation • Other expenses more difficult to allocate
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Full Cost Pricing Selling price arrived at by adding overheads and profit margin to the direct cost per unit of a product. In a manufacturer’s overheads computation‚ less than full capacity utilization of the plant is factored in to allow for fluctuations in the output. The profit margin is computed as a fixed percentage of the average total cost of the product. Pricing - full cost-plus pricing Full cost plus pricing seeks to set a price that takes into account all relevant costs of production
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Boost Productivity to Control Labor Costs by David Pavesic‚ Ph. D.‚ FMP You have two major “cost centers” at your restaurant. One is food and beverage. The other is labor. Which one do you think is most problematic? If you said labor‚ either you’ve been running a restaurant for at least a few months‚ or you have some genuine insight into the challenges of running a restaurant. Labor issues are still the No. 1 concern of most restaurant owners and managers. Food and beverage costs are held
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unit of the product represented by these data since that amount maximizes marginal utility.” Do you agree? Explain why or why not. c. “It is possible that a rational consumer will not purchase any units of the product represented by these data.” Do you agree? Explain why or why not. Answer: Missing total utility data‚ top – bottom: 18; 33. The missing total utility for the second unity can be found by adding the marginal utility (change in utility) to the total utility for the first unit. By consuming
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| BUSINESS PRODUCTIVITY AS AN ISSUE Productivity – the rate at which goods or services are produced especially output per unit of labour. WHY DOES IT COME ABOUT? Poor Organizational Management Low productivity in the workplace often results from general disorganization in any one department. When disorganization occurs‚ productivity suffers and tasks fail to get completed‚ time is wasted‚ communication between employees suffers‚ and the lines of customer service are broken. Good management
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