Introduction Opportunity cost refers to what you have to give up to buy what you want in terms of other goods or services. When economists use the word "cost‚" we usually mean opportunity cost. The word "cost" is commonly used in daily speech or in the news. For example‚ "cost" may refer to many possible ways of evaluating the costs of buying something or using a service. Friends or newscasters often say "It cost me $150 to buy the iPhone I wanted." Definitions and Basics Opportunity Cost‚ from the Concise
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U.S. Prison Costs After reading the essay‚ “A Homemade Education‚” an autobiography of Malcolm X‚ I became quite curious about how many dollars America spends toward the prison system and how it affects our society. The autobiography itself covers how Malcolm X gained a homemade education simply by reading books while serving time in prison. He claimed‚ “I don’t think anybody ever got more out of going to prison than I did…prison enabled me to study far more intensively…sometimes as much
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Solutions to Chapter 12 The Cost of Capital 1. The yield to maturity for the bonds (since maturity is now 19 years) is the interest rate (r) that is the solution to the following equation: [$80 annuity factor(r‚ 19 years)] + [$1‚000/(1 + r)19] = $1‚050 Using a financial calculator‚ enter: n = 19‚ FV = 1000‚ PV = (-)1050‚ PMT = 90‚ and then compute i = 7.50% Therefore‚ the after-tax cost of debt is: 7.50% (1 – 0.35) = 4.88% 2. r = DIV/P0 = $4/$40 = 0.10 = 10% 3. = [0.3 7.50% (1
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no one and it would be beneficial to remove them from the prison system‚ and into the parole system (D’Elia‚ 2010). Prison Cost Prisons are expensive to keep open‚ and most of the money to keep them open comes from the taxpayers. A study in 2012 showed that prisons cost American taxpayers approximately 5.4 billion dollars each year (Henrichson & Delaney‚ 2012). These cost include various expenses that include maintaining the prisons‚ employees salaries‚ educational training‚ providing benefits
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differentiation or cost leadership. Both strategies can be applied either into a focused market or a broad market. Do you agree that these are the only two strategies available? Are they mutually exclusive? Why or why not? Porter’s Generic Strategies Target Scope Advantage Advantage Low Cost Product Uniqueness Broad(Industry Wide) Cost Leadership Strategy Differentiation Strategies Narrow (Market Segment) Focus Strategy(low cost) Focus Strategy(differentiation) Generally ‚as per the Porter’s
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A figure of cost of goods sold reflecting the cost of the product or good that a company sells to generate revenue‚ appearing on the income statement‚ as an expense. Also‚ referred to as "cost of sales". It is essentially a cost of doing business‚ such as the amount paid to purchase raw materials in order to manufacture them into finished goods. For example‚ if a $10 widget costs $6 to make‚ then the cost of goods sold is $6 per widget. That is‚ the cost of goods sold is equal to the beginning
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for each weakness: • One sentence for the weakness • One sentence for the recommendation • One sentence for the costs and benefits. 4 Introduction This section covers 4 areas and should be written about the organisation as a whole not just the key area you will focus on later:- Overview of Business (cover PIC 1.1‚ 1.3‚ 1.4) What do they do? How big are they? What external relationships do they have? Who are the key stakeholders? (key customers/ suppliers‚ staff‚ shareholders
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LABOUR COST ACCOUNTING. It is concerned with identifying the amount of labour costs to be changed to jobs and overhead accounts. Where a manufacturing organization operates a job costing system‚ information on the labour costs should be properly captured from the following documents:- i) Job Cards: This is open for each job‚ when the job is started‚ the time of starting is entered on the job card and when it is completed‚ the completion time is also entered. The difference between the two
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Cost of Production Report - Blending Department (1st Department): Learning Objective: 1.Øî¨ Ârialï¿í¿¿ï¿í¿¿ï¿í¿¿ï¿í¿¿ï¿í¿¿ï¿í¿¿ï¿í¿¿ï¿*ï¿í¿¿ï¿í¿¿ï¿í¿¿ï¿í¿¿ï¿í¿¿ï¿í¿¿ï¿í¿¿ï¿í¿¿ï¿*ï¿*ï¿ï¼ï¿Ýæ®î¼ ׿ Prepare a cost of production report of first department in a process costing system. 2.í¥¾ìí¥¾ìí¥¾ìí¥¾ìí¥¾ìí¥¾ìí¥¾ï¿¿ï¿¿è￿þí¤Ëºì ͹ïϸêÑ·ïÓ¶ìÕµí¤×´ìÙ³í¤Û²ìݱí¤ß°ï¿¿ï¿¿ï¿¿ï¿¿ï¿¿ï¿¿Õµí¤×´ìÙ³í¤Û²ìݱí¤ß°ï¿¿ï¿¿ï¿¿ï¿¿ï¿¿
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Cost Variance Analysis Presented by : Edmund C. Cabrera MBA Student Universidad de Manila Definitions STANDARD COSTS – are predetermined or target unit costs of production which should be attained under efficient conditions. It is the amount and costs of direct material‚ direct labor‚ and factory overhead required to produce one unit of finished product. STANDARD COST SYSTEM – is an accounting system which uses standard costs rather than actual costs to account for units as they flow through
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