CASE 1.1 Enron Corporation “Think Straight‚ Talk Straight. “ This was the motto of Arthur Edward Andersen. He was the founder of the Arthur & Company‚ which was established to provide accounting‚ auditing and related services. Throughout his professional‚ Arthur E. Andersen career‚ relied on a simple‚ four-word motto to serve as a guiding principle in making important personal and professional decisions: “Think straight‚ Talk straight.” Andersen would prefer fewer clients‚ than having more
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Enron Scandal In 1985‚ Enron was formed by Kenneth Lay after the merging of Houston Natural Gas and InterNorth. In the 1990s‚ Lay helped to initiate the selling of electricity at market prices. Markets made it easier for Enron to sell energy at higher prices‚ which caused the company to get richer. Enron was the largest merchant of natural gas in 1992. In November 1999‚ the creation of EnronOnline enabled Enron to develop‚ negotiate and manage its trading business. By 2001‚ Enron became a
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Enron and Ethics Failure is the best teacher not only for those who fail‚ but also for those who observe the failure. Thus‚ for many businesses the Enron scandal proved to be the greatest teacher. Since the fall of Enron‚ there have been several theories and examinations about why it failed as it was a corporation that no one imagined would ever crash. Based on research to date there are multiple reasons for Enron’s failure; however‚ one that stands out immensely is corporate disregard for ethics
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Fall of Enron The History Enron began as a pipeline company in Houston in 1985. It profited by promising to deliver so many cubic feet to a particular utility or business on a particular day at a market price. That change with the deregulation of electrical power markets‚ a change due in part to lobbying from senior Enron officials. Under the direction of former Chairman Kenneth L. Lay‚ Enron expanded into an energy broker‚ trading electricity and other commodities. The Business of Enron Enron
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in order to manage risk factors are loss control‚ loss financing‚ and internal risk reduction. By using these three methods and knowing how they work a business can take to protect the company‚ the possible risks are easier to be contained and managed. Loss Control Loss Financing Loss financing is one of these techniques and is a “method used to obtain funds to pay for or offset losses that occur” (Risk Management Methods). Loss financing covers four different areas that help to achieve its end
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countries can be realised. However‚ Small enterprises in developing countries typically cite lack of access to finance as an important constraint on their operations. This lack of access is often associated with financial policies and bank practices that make it hard for banks to cover the high costs and risks involved in lending to small firms. The purpose of this study is to find out whether lack of access to finance is a constraint on the operations of small and medium scale enterprises in Ghana and
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Economic value addition by Indian Banks: A study Abstract This research paper studies Indian bank’s profile to demonstrate a direct correlation between the investment in stakeholder relationships and corporate performance. Many Indian banking seems to have destroyed shareholder’s wealth over a period of time and only a few have positively contributed to their wealth. With the help of EVA (Economic Value Added) and MVA (Market Value Added) which tell what the institution is doing with investor’s
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Ethical issues have greatly transformed in our lives since the great Enron‚ Xerox and other huge corporations proposed big profits showing earnings of billions of dollars and yet in reality facing bankruptcy. These corporations faced great trouble with the federals and state for manipulating financial statements. But not only corporations can be blamed on this‚ accounting firms were involved in this as much as the corporations were. With the business stand point‚ ethics comprises of principles and
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The two situations I chose to read were “Wish I knew what to do” and “Taking care of “Old G”.” In the story “Wish I knew what to do‚” a woman explains how her mother was visiting from out of state and had a stroke. Throughout her mother’s hospitalizations at different facilities in New York‚ she felt like her mother was being neglected and not receiving the care that a veterans family should. The story “Old G” is about a young lady that had moved to California and met an elderly man named Cruz. After
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BCCI’s serious treasury problems were related to the activities at Grand Cayman‚ which had taken place in a blatant and repetitive form over many years. BCCI was paying its auditors $5 million per year to conduct audits which each year took nearly five months. if properly done‚ these audits should have uncovered the problems and forced action long before April‚ 1990 4. In the case of BCCI‚ there can be no question that the auditing process failed to work. As the Bank of England stated in determining
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