Applying agency theory‚ positive accounting theory focused on the agency relationships between principals and agents. Positive accounting theory proposed that agents have incentives to enter various contracts. Firms themselves were considered as a nexus of contracts between many self interested individuals. The contractual arrangements are initially put in place for efficiency reasons with well developed contracts reducing the overall agency costs that could arise within the firm. (a) What is an agency
Premium Financial statements International Financial Reporting Standards Scientific method
Game Theory 9.3 A Non-Cooperative Game Model of Manager-Investor Conflict 9.3.1 Summary 9.4 Some Models of Cooperative Game Theory 9.4.1 Introduction 9.4.2 Agency Theory: An Employment Contract Between Firm Owner and Manager 9.5 Manager’s Information Advantage 9.5.1 Earnings Management 9.5.2 Controlling Earnings Management 9.6 Discussion and Summary 9.7 Agency Theory: A Bondholder-Manager Lending Contract 9.8 Implications of Agency Theory for Accounting 9.8
Premium Game theory
2.0 Ratio analysis The next will introduce the Mulberry’s and its competitor—Burberry’s financial ratios from their financial statements from 2010-2012. 2.1 Profitability analysis 2.1.1 Net profit margin Table 2.1 Mulberry and Burberry’s net profit margin Net profit margin | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | Mulberry | 4.12% | 14.03% | 15.02% | Burberry | 6.42% | 13.74% | 14.27% | Data source: Mulberry’s and Burberry’s 2010-2012 annual reports From Table 2.1 it can find that Mulberry’s net profit
Premium Financial ratios Generally Accepted Accounting Principles
effectiveness of organization’s policies‚ strategies and operations and compliance with the statutory obligations will be provided by the management. Due to the risk of uncertainties in the environments‚ stakeholders demand more from financial information to non-financial information. Not only the numerical information tell the conditions of an organization to the stakeholders‚ but transactions‚ changes in information technology‚ markets and risks and changes in laws and regulations are crucial to them
Premium Auditing Audit Internal audit
Lecture 7 – Tutorial Questions Tutorial List: 7-1‚ 7-2‚ 7-3‚ 7-4‚ 7-5‚ 7-6‚ 7-7‚ 7-8‚ 7-9 7.1. Kristen Hope asks your help concerning an NSF check. Explain to Kristen (a) what an NSF check is‚ (b) how it is treated in a bank reconciliation‚ and (c) whether it will require an adjusting entry. 7.2. The bank portion of the bank reconciliation for Brasilia Company at October 31‚ 20X1 was as follows. BRASILIA COMPANY Bank Reconciliation
Premium Management Marketing Strategic management
Chapter 6: Revenue RecognitionRead: Chapter 6 and partly 13 on warrantyIn-class exercises: BE6-7‚ EX6-11‚ EX6-9‚ EX6-16‚ EX6-18 Practice exercises: EX6-7‚ BE6-11‚ P6-1‚ P6-2‚ E13-17 There are two main conceptual views on how to account for revenues/sales: Earnings approach Contract-based approach Earnings Approach Revenues are recognized when the following criteria are met: 1. Performance is achieved: a. risks and rewards transferred and/or earnings process substantially complete‚ and
Premium Revenue Contract Cost of goods sold
| Question : | PDQ Corp. has sales of $4‚000‚000; the firm’s cost of goods sold is $2‚500‚000; and its total operating expenses are $600‚000. What is PDQ’s EBIT? | | | Student Answer: | | $850‚000 | | | | $875‚000 | | | | $900‚000 | | | | $1‚300‚000 | | | | Points Received: | 1 of 1 | | Comments: | | | | 7. | Question : | Net working capital
Premium Generally Accepted Accounting Principles Revenue Marketing
Development of A General Accounting Theory – A Scientific Approach? Accounting Theory Development can be defined as ‘a piecemeal process of trial and error in response to changing social and economic forces’. (Underdown and Taylor‚ 1985‚ p2). Therefore‚ it is clear that a general frame of reference is needed‚ however not one that would upset the ‘accounting system’. Accounting theory cannot be narrowed to a certain approach‚ which is the definitive article. In fact‚ accountancy is one
Premium Scientific method Economics Accountant
Accounting Theory Construction The function to study accounting theories is to classify them according to the assumptions they rely on‚ how they were formulated‚ and their approaches to explaining and predicting actual events. There are some classification which are pragmatic‚ syntactic‚ semantic‚ normative‚ positive‚ and naturalistic approaches. Pragmatic approaches are based on observing the behavior of accountants or those who use the information generated by accountant. Syntactic approaches
Premium Scientific method
recent years‚ scholars and managers have devoted greater attention to the strategic implications of corporate social responsibility (CSR). Consistent with McWilliams and Siegel (2001)‚ we define CSR as situations where the firm goes beyond compliance and engages in ‘actions that appear to further some social good‚ beyond the interests of the firm and that which is required by law’. However‚ this is just one interpretation of CSR. Numerous definitions of CSR have been proposed and often no clear definition
Premium Corporate social responsibility Management Social responsibility