Organization as structure vs organization as process Child J. (2005) has argued “Organization has structural‚ processual and boundary-defining facets.” (p.6) Organization as structure and organization as process are organizational choices‚ which are very distinct from each other. Organization as structure refers to ‘basic structure’ in which tasks and responsibilities are distributed among the work hierarchy. The organizational authority is at the same time centralized‚ delegated and standardized
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Benefits & Disadvantages of a Functional Organizational Structure The functional organizational structure groups employees according to broad business activities‚ resulting in departments such as finance‚ marketing and production. These departments might be further divided‚ depending on a company’s size and needs. Departmental managers supervise a wide base of employees below them. These managers are in turn supervised by more-powerful managers‚ who answer to one powerful boss‚ perhaps a CEO
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In a oligopolic market structure‚ there are a few interdependent firms that change their prices according to their competitors. Ex: If Coca Cola changes their price‚ Pepsi is also likely to. Characteristics: Few interdependent firms A few barriers to entry Products are similar‚ but firms try to differentiate them There is branding and advertising Imperfect knowledge (where customers don’t know the best price or availability) To compete or collaborate? Since firms are interdependent‚ they
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Oligopoly Market Structure Under Perfect Competition or Monopolistic system there are so many firms in the industry. None of the firms worry about the effect of their actions on their rival firms. The type of market structure describe in this question is Oligopoly. Oligopoly is the market structure where few large market firms compete with each other. Supermarkets (Tesco‚ Morrison’s and Asda) and cars are the perfect example for oligopoly market structure in the UK. In oligopoly market structure each
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Oligopoly In a oligopoly market structure‚ there are a few interdependent firms that change their prices according to their competitors. Ex: If Coca Cola changes their price‚ Pepsi is also likely to. Characteristics: * Few interdependent firms * A few barriers to entry * Products are similar‚ but firms try to differentiate them * There is branding and advertising * Imperfect knowledge (where customers don’t know the best price or availability) Revenue Curves Total Revenue
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four categories‚ the following must be considered: • How freely can firms enter the industry? Is entry free or restricted? If it is restricted‚ just how great are the barriers to the entry of new firms? • The nature of the product. Do all firms produce an identical product‚ or do firms produce their own particular brand or model or variety? The firm’s degree of control over price. Is the firm a price taker or can it choose its price‚ and if so‚ how will changing its price affect its profits? What
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history of P&G is a vivid story of organization strategy as it goes through the entrepreneurial‚ collectivity‚ formalization‚ and elaboration stages. It evolves from a domestic company to multination‚ global‚ international‚ and finally transnational company. The organization structure keeps evolving correspondingly in its life cycle. As it becomes a globalized company‚ it is weighed down by the bureaucracy and hierarchy. Finding a fit organization structure and executing the transition smoothly
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Market structure refers to: • Nature and degree of competition within a particular market • The number of firms producing identical products which are homogenous Oligopoly: This is a market structure in which the market is dominated by a small number of firms that together control the majority of the market share. Few firms dominate Although only a few firms dominate‚ it is possible that many small firms may also operate in the market e.g. the major airlines. It is a situation between perfect
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Market structures and pricing Revenues Consumers * Inverse demand curve gives willingness-to-pay * Benefit consumer(s) derive(s) from additional good; * Area under inverse demand curve measures total willingness-to-pay‚ total benefit or total surplus. * Maximum price I can charge as producer determined by inverse demand function * Marginal revenues; revenue of next unit I sell Strategies * Profit maximization * Marginal profits equal to 0 (MR=MC) *
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A Cartel is a company with a very unique position with the opportunity to use a simple model to optimize price. It is an organization with a very desirable position in the world; very few companies can experience the opportunity to determine their own prices without loosing significantly market share. OPEC is considered a Monopolistic-Cartel type of organization. Firm’s demand curve This type of structure has the advantage that while increasing oil prices may shift the demand curve. The model allows
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