initiatives in recent years (Japan‚ Spain). In this paper‚ we consider the costs and benefits of fiscal decentralization‚ trends in the practice of decentralizing budgets‚ and the policy interventions that are being used to strengthen the financial position and the financial autonomy of sub-national governments. In particular‚ we examine inter-governmental transfers‚ local taxation and hard budget constraints as key policy issues. The focus in this paper is on developing countries. The process areas
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Due to the power of technology‚ being in contact with the rest of the world is now much‚ much easier then what it used to be. Americanisation is a problem many people suffer from in Australia. Many of the old Australian traditions are now outdated. When was the last time you had a Sunday barbeque just for the sake of a get together? Most of these traditions have been replaced with the ideologies that have come from other countries through things such as television‚ internet‚ radio and almost any other
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Capacity building for local NGOs A guidance manual for good practice Published by the Catholic Institute for International Relations Unit 3‚ 190a New North Road‚ London N1 7BJ‚ UK www.ciir.org © CIIR 2005 Printed manual ISBN 1 85287 314 0 CD-Rom ISBN 1 85287 315 9 CIIR is registered in the UK as a charity (number 294329) and a company (number 2002500) In some countries‚ CIIR operates under the name of International Cooperation for Development (ICD) Cover photo: A woman at Ayaha returnee camp
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I think that people should be held accountable for their actions‚ but only if they can help‚ because when something major like a life-or-death situation arises‚ fear tends to come upon us‚ and we freak out and don’t know what to do‚ and sometimes we do things that we tend to regret. But if it’s something that you know is wrong and you still do it‚ you should be held accountable for it. For example‚ if 2 people are in a situation where only one person will be able to survive and one of them decides
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Organizational culture is defined as collective behavior that consists of artifacts‚ exposed values and basic assumptions (Schein 1997). From this definition‚ three levels of organizational culture are derived. The first level is artifacts or tangible elements to the organization which comprises of the architecture‚ technology‚ products‚ furniture‚ style‚ dress code and language. It is recognizable when visibly observed but does not reflect the organizational culture. The second level is in the exposed
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view to enhancing the level of occupational safety and health in Hong Kong. The Council has been maintaining a close contact with local employers‚ employees‚ professionals‚ academic bodies and different government departments to create a pleasant working environment for employees. It is the Council’s intention to tailor-make a work stress management framework for use by local employees for coping with stress problems in the workplace. To do so‚ an awareness of the sources and effects of stress on employees
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Impact of Culture on the Ethical reasoning of an Individual Abstract The purpose of this paper is to identify‚ relate and assess the impact of culture on the ethical reasoning of an individual. This report reviews current literature on this topic and identifies the various factors involved in the same. Established theories on ethics and moral development are reviewed and a culture-based model of ethical decision making is derived. Prepositions concerning the influence of various cultural dimensions
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State of Ethics and Ethical Practices in Standard Chartered Bank [pic] | | |State of Ethics and Ethical Practices | |in
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The Culture of a Local High School Compare to that of a Large University Local high school and large university‚ those are completely two different institutions. No one can study at a university until he/she pass the high school. Since high school and university are two different institutions‚ they must have different cultures. First of all‚ the cultural differences of a local high school and a large university is their structure. Classes at a large university are often very large‚ with 100
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Local Lawsuit Shari Hart July 25‚ 2012 School of Business 1. Summarize the actions that lead to the lawsuit. 2. Discuss what management could have done in terms of risk management to have prevented the events that lead to the lawsuit. 3. Discuss the ethical considerations reflected in the laws applicable to this case. 4. Determine which sources
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