expressions of P-glycoprotein (a multidrug transport protein) and multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP-1); increased levels of the cellular detoxification protein‚ glutathione; and changes in the expression of apoptosis associated proteins such as Bcl-2‚ FasL and p53‚ which generally results in promoting cell survival [1‚2‚3‚4]. P-glycoprotein expression is the mechanism mostly associated with classical multidrug resistance (MDR)‚ as this protein is responsible for the active transport of various
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classic first step to fractionate proteins by causing perturbations in the solvent with respect to ionic strength. Historically‚ separation methods were limited and as a result precipitation methods were highly used with very fine cuts in ppt conditions. As more choices of inexpensive and quality resins are commercially available precipitation steps are typically limited to one or two initial cuts in the beginning of purification or simply used to concentrate the proteins. The major advantage to (NH4)2SO4
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Polymers-the largest of the macromolecules. These are composed of numerous‚ small identical subunits known as Monomers. There are 4 major polymers that are important for living organisms. These polymers are; carbohydrates‚ lipids‚ proteins and nucleic acids. B. Polymers are referred to as being organic compounds. Organic compounds are compounds that contain the elements carbon and hydrogen. 1. Chemical Properties of Carbon a. Carbon has 6 electrons. What is the structure
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Protein purification From Wikipedia‚ the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation‚ search Protein purification is a series of processes intended to isolate a single type of protein from a complex mixture. Protein purification is vital for the characterization of the function‚ structure and interactions of the protein of interest. The starting material is usually a biological tissue or a microbial culture. The various steps in the purification process may free the protein from a matrix that confines
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small percentage of familial forms of the disease. The following discoveries were the mutations in the genes for FUS ans TARDBP (encoding for TDP-43 protein). Neuropathological analysis led to the identification of insoluble cytoplasmic phosphorylated protein deposits in brain and spinal cord. TDP-43 is a broadly expressed and highly conserved protein with different functions in RNA metabolism‚ including RNA translation‚ splicing and transport. In physiological conditions‚ TDP-43 is located in de
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PROTEIN ENERGY MALNUTRION Types include:[2] * Kwashiorkor (protein malnutrition predominant) * Marasmus (deficiency in both calorie and protein nutrition) * Marasmic Kwashiorkor (marked protein deficiency and marked calorie insufficiency signs present‚ sometimes referred to as the most severe form of malnutrition) Note that this may also be secondary to other conditions such as chronic renal disease[3] or cancer cachexia[4] in which protein energy wasting may occur. Protein-energy
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The Four Main Macromolecules Interestingly enough‚ all cells that build up an entire organism‚ such as the human body‚ only consist of water‚ inorganic ions‚ and organic compounds as three dominant components. Together‚ water and inorganic ions such as Sodium‚ Magnesium‚ Calcium‚ Phosphate‚ etc. make up around 70% of the cell’s mass‚ while organic compounds make up the rest. Unlike its other two counterparts‚ organic compounds contain carbon-hydrogen reactions that allow them to create‚ sustain‚
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Lab 2: The Chemistry of Life Name _____Aniqa Qureshi_ Insert the chemical symbol in the answer blank for each of the following elements. ___O______ 1. oxygen ___C______ 2. carbon ___K______ 3. potassium ___I______ 4. iodine ___H______ 5. hydrogen ___N______ 6. nitrogen ____Ca_____ 7. calcium ____Na_____ 8. sodium ____P_____ 9. phosphorus ____Mg_____ 10. magnesium ____Cl_____ 11. chloride ____Fe_____ 12. iron In the space below‚ list the chemicals (above) from the MOST
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of a mosaic of proteins imbedded into a bilayer of phospholipids. Phospholipids obtain the ability to form membranes because of the fact that it is an amphipathic molecule. This means it contains polar hydrophilic heads and nonpolar hydrophobic tails‚ which make up the hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions of the membrane. The two types of proteins found in the fluid-mosaic model are integral proteins‚ which go through the hydrophobic core of the lipid bilayer‚ and peripheral proteins‚ which are appendages
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PROTEIN Lesson 1 All material designated for higher level only is presented in italics |Syllabus content to be covered: | | | |Composition | |Basic structure
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