Objectives After studying this Unit‚ you will be able to • define the biomolecules like carbohydrates‚ proteins and nucleic acids; • classify carbohydrates‚ proteins‚ nucleic acids and vitamins on the basis of their structures; • explain the difference between DNA and RNA; • appreciate the role of biomolecules in biosystem. Biomolecules “It is the harmonious and synchronous progress of chemical reactions in body which leads to life”. 14 Unit A living system grows‚ sustains and reproduces
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the protons are not equal to the electrons ion the protons are not equal to the neutrons isotope atomic mass = mass of protons + neutrons changing the number of neutrons does not influece the mass or electrons atom behaviour is because of electrons hydrogen almost always loses its electron‚ leaving it a hydrogen ion taking away a negative charge creates a cation adding a negative charge creates an anion electronegativity is the ability to steal electrons electronegativity is influenced
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other groups. * DNA gets transcribe to mRNA leaves the nucleus and it gets translated into proteins in the ribosomes. * Ribosomes are complexes that are floating around or they can be attached. * Ribosomes are made up or RNA. * Ribosomal RNA helps the ribosome function as a ribosome and all of that gets made or created in the nucleolus. * Nucleolus is a densely packed of proteins and ribosomal RNA where it is reproduced. It’s not membrane bound. * Endoplasmic Reticulum
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diffusion through membrane transporters (carrier protein) by means of active transport OR The type of transporter which an animo acids is transported through the epithelial membrane through depends on the R-group attacked to the particular amino acid (structure and combosition) These transporters bind amino acids only once they have bound sodium ions – this is known as coupled transport This coupled transport is through a symport transporter protein which works by transporting the amino acid across
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BCH 369L–Biochemistry Laboratory Fall 2016 Module C Orlando Martinez uteid: olm298 Introduction The purpose of this lab is to implement the technique of gel electrophoresis in the purification and size determination of various proteins and DNA fragments. In order to do this‚ a polyacrylamide gel will be prepared and placed in a buffer-containing gel electrophoresis apparatus. Next‚ an aliquot of acid phosphatase and a molecular weight marker (Composed of Phosphorylase B‚ bovine serum albumin‚ ovalbumin
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deciding what should happen inside the city (control centre). Ribosomes- this is the industrial area of the city‚ creating building materials to extend and develop the city (proteins). Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum- these are couriers who collect the materials from the industrial site and take it to where it is needed (carry proteins). Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum- another industrial site which creates packages to send and communicate with other cities (steroids). Mitochondria- the electricity generator
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different kinds of biological macromolecules and their monomers. Describe the structure and functions of: Amino acids Simple sugars Nucleotides Summarize the different forms and functions of complex carbohydrates. Describe the possible levels of protein structure. Summarize the fundamental property of all lipids. Illustrate the structure of triglycerides and phospholipids. Advanced Key Concepts After the biomolecules lectures‚ students should be able to: Predict what type of bond would be
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day’s essentials with goodness from nature Protein is found in every single cell in the body. An important building block for bones‚ muscles‚ cartilage‚ skin and blood‚ high quality protein provides all of the essential amino acids needed by healthy adults and growing children. People who don’t get enough of this important macronutrient will lack energy‚ and they will see their muscles and immune systems weaken. To help people meet their daily protein needs‚ leading direct selling company Amway
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provide compaction of the DNA. Two important DNA bending proteins in crenarchaea are Cren7 and Sul7 (Driessen et al.‚ 2013). They are similar in structure‚ but they have different DNA binding regions (Zhang et al.‚ 2015). Cren7 and Sul7 can be methylated at several lysine residues (Guo‚ 2007). This PTM might be to regulate gene expression (Feng et al.‚ 2010)‚ although the methylation does not alter the DNA-binding affinity of these proteins. It is not clear whether and how these modifications alter
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DISTRIBUTION PRESENCE/ABSENCE IN ORGANISMS PROCESSES INVOLVED (functions) BODY STRUCTURE/ ORGAN functionally similar to and why? CELL MEMBRANE Glycoprotein Phospholipids Cholesterol Glycolipids Peripheral protein Integral protein Structural Protein Receptor Protein Transport Protein Outer Side of the Cell - Maintains the physical integrity of the cell. - Forms a barrier between the inside of the cell and the environment outside the cell. Animal Cell‚ Plant Cell‚ Prokaryotic cell and fungal
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