conducive to more efficient administration and rapid stepping up of coal production. The company has under it seven producing subsidiaries and one planning and design subsidiary. The coal mines in the north eastern region are directly managed by the holding company. Dankuni Coal Complex‚ a coal carbonisation plant in West Bengal‚ is also directly under the holding company. The subsidiary companies‚ with their powers defined in their respective Articles of Association‚ are responsible for all operational
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* Occurs when a firm invest directly in a foreign country. * Becomes a multinational enterprise * FDI can be both – Greenfield (establish new ops) Acquisition/Merger (with existing firms) * Flow of FDI –refers to the amount of FDI over a time period. * Stock of FDI - total accumulated value of foreign-owned assets * Outflows – flows of FDI out of a country * Inflows – flows of FDI into a country Gross fixed capital formation summarises the total amount of capital
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form‚ group structures began to emerge. For example Z Ltd (the parent or holding company) owns all the issued share capital in three other companies—A Ltd‚ B Ltd and C Ltd. These companies are known as wholly owned subsidiaries (see CA 2006‚ s 1159(2)). Z Ltd controls all three subsidiaries. In economic reality there is just one business but it is organised through four separate legal personalities. In effect this structure allows the legal personality of the parent company to avail itself of
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A. M. Naik Chairman & Managing Director Dear Shareholders A multiplicity of business‚ economic and political factors made the year gone by among the most challenging in recent times. The global economy is seeking to recover from uncertainties centred on the European Union. Domestically‚ a deterioration in macroeconomic indicators and a marked deceleration in the investment momentum aggravated bearish sentiments in the capital markets. Infrastructure sectors have been hampered by resource constraints
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explanatory paragraph following the opinion paragraph without modifying the three standard paragraphs. 3. A principal auditor decides to take responsibility for the work of another CPA who audited a wholly owned subsidiary of the entity and issued an unqualified opinion. The total assets and revenues of the subsidiary represent 17 percent and 18 percent‚ respectively‚ for the total assets and revenues of the entity being audited. An unqualified opinion Describe the circumstances within the scope and opinion
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the Wrigley family may have been convinced to sell their firm? Answer: The primary factors could have included the 28 percent premium‚ the continued operation of Wrigley as an independent subsidiary‚ the retention of the Wrigley brand‚ and allowing William Wrigley Jr. to continue as CEO of the subsidiary. 3. How did factors external to both firms influence their decision to merge? Be specific. Answer: Escalating commodity prices‚ declining market share‚ and intensified competition compelled
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International Marketing Management Foreign Market Entry Strategies 1 Overview 1. Target Market Selection 2. Choosing the Mode of Entry 3. Exporting 4. Licensing 5. Franchising 6. Contract Manufacturing 7. Joint Ventures 8. Wholly Owned Subsidiaries 9. Strategic Alliances 10. Timing of Entry 11. Exit Strategies 2 Introduction The need for a solid market entry decision is an integral part of a global market entry strategy. Entry decisions will heavily influence the firm’s other marketing-mix
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Title Determining the factors that influence customer loyalty in the South African banking sector Introduction According to the Ernst and Young Global Consumer Survey(2012) titled ’The Customer Takes Control’ banks across the world are under intense pressure with a reported 40% decrease in customer confidence in the banking industry. The South African banking sector is no different as it also faces challenges to stay competitive in an ever changing business and operating landscape. The
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ITC and Sustainability 11/19/2012 Ramaiah Institute of Management Teena Lawrence PA1236 PGPM+MBA (UOM) Abstract: ITC is a major Indian heterogeneous market or business with a diversification in the fields such as paperboards‚ packaging‚ apparel‚ foods‚ hotels‚ Information technology and tobacco products. The triple bottom lines encompassing economic‚ social and environmental parameters have said to be achieved by the company. The sustainable initiatives taken by the company have been indeed
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by the revenues. Gains commonly result from transactions and other events that involve no “earning process‚” and for recognizing gains‚ being earned is generally less significant than being realized or realizable. However the CIC is a subsidiary company and wholly owned by the Crazy Computer‚ which means that the risk actually taken by the same group which include the Crazy Computer and the CIC. So in this situation‚ Crazy Computer’ role is not just for the sale of the extended warranty. The Crazy
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