Liquidity Ratios: Current Ratio = Current Assets/Current Liabilities Efficiency Ratios Asset Turnover Ratio = Sales Revenue/ (Fixed Assets + Current Assets) Profitability Ratios Net Profit Margin = (Net Profit x 100) /Sales Revenue Return on Capital Employed = Net Profit (Operating Profit) x 100 (ROCE) Capital Employed Solvency Ratios Gearing Ratio = Total Liabilities/Shareholders Equity Investment Ratios Earnings per Share
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The word ‘equity’ can be seen to have a wide range of meanings- to many it is a synonym for ‘fairness’ or justice’. Those within the legal community recognise equity as the body of rules developed and applied by the Court of Chancery; a court previously presided over by the Lord Chancellor with rules developed under his authority. The law of equity developed due to the inflexibility of the common law. Before the development of equity‚ The law was rigid (which was often cited as a weakness) for example
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Understanding the Concepts Professor Ingrid P. Nelson Fin 100 Introduction to Finance December 1‚ 2012 1. Imagine you are a small business owner. Determine the financial ratios that are important to the business. Compare your ratios with those that are important to a manager of a larger corporation. As a business owner‚ financial understanding is something that has to be studied before you decide that you are going to open or even start a new business. Small businesses in general run the finance
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Assignment #3 folder in Blackboard. Question #1: (Twenty Points) Stocks (a). Why is stock ownership considered equity and bond ownership considered debt? In finance you can think of equity as ownership in any asset after all debts associated with that asset are paid off. For example‚ a car or house with no outstanding debt is considered the owner’s equity because he or she can readily sell the item for cash. Stocks are equity because they represent ownership in a company. When a company needs money
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it is the banks which should pay zakat on them. In reality‚the banks make the depositors pay the zakat ‚ which is injustice. (Alexandra R‚ Hardie & M. Rabooy‚ 1991) M. Norain‚ Ariffin‚ & M Adnan explained the perceptions and awareness among bankers in Islamic banks is essential to enhance corporate social responsibility. M. Norain‚ Ariffin‚ & M Adnan explained that to fulfill the Islamic needs of the society‚ proper policies have been developed so that there will be no recurring problems
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Debt and equity financing Debt and equity financing is the sources of funding can provide you with all the cash you need to start or grow your business. Debt financing Debt financing means borrowing money from an outside source with the promise of paying back the borrowed amount‚ plus the agreed-upon interest‚ at a later date. When a firm raises money for working capital or capital expenditures by selling bonds‚ bills‚ or notes to individual and/or institutional investors can be considered as debt
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The relationship between a banker and a customer is as follows: 1. Contractual Relationship: The contract takes place the moment an account is opened by a customer with a bank and this contract remains valid till the customer operates his account as per the terms and conditions agreed between them. 2. Debtor and Creditor Relationship: When a customer opens an account with a bank and maintains a credit balance‚ the banker assumes the position of a debtor and the customers assumes the role of a
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Case Study #3: Selecting a Trade Banker Banking on relationship Technon International is a Canadian high-technology development firm‚ focused on emerging technologies in wireless communications. Technon sources components in China and has offshore programming activities in India covering certain functionality in its new wristwatch PDA with MP3 and cellular capabilities. Technon has several Canadian and international patents to protect its proprietary technology‚ and has developed some strong
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automobile loan is $375. What is Louise’s debt payments-to-income ratio? Is Louise living within her means? (LO 5.3) Louise’s Gross Income = $3‚000 Less: Income taxes = -700 Less: Social Security Tax = -250 Less: IRA contribution = -100 Net take-home pay = $1‚950 Her monthly payments on VISA‚ MasterCard‚ and a car loan add up to $500 per month. Louise’s debt payments to income ratio is 500 to 1‚950‚ or 25.6 percent. This ratio exceeds the recommended 20 percent figure
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QUESTION 1. Equity has made the law more fair. Discuss Equity can be defined in a technical sense as a branch of law administered by the court of chancery before the passing of the Judicature Act (1873-1875) with a view of supplementing the common law rules. Equity developed because of the problems of the common law. The word ’equity’ has a meaning of ’fairness’ and this is the basis on which it operates. The existing law as at the time equity arose was common law‚ equity acted as a supplement
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