2013 DESIGNER GENES TRAINING GUIDE by Karen L. Lancour DISCLAIMER - This presentation was prepared using draft rules. There may be some changes in the final copy of the rules. The rules which will be in your Coaches Manual and Student Manuals will be the official rules. • BE SURE TO CHECK THE 2013 EVENT RULES for EVENT PARAMETERS and TOPICS FOR EACH COMPETITION LEVEL TRAINING MATERIALS: • Training Power Point presents an overview of material in the training
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Lucas Lindsey Mr. Mazhawidza Mircobes to Society 118 Gene Expression [pic] By definition of dictionary.com gene is defined as the basic physical unit of heredity. a gene is a linear sequence of nucleotides that makes part of a segment called DNA. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a nucleic acid that contains genetic codes in the development and functioning of all known living organisms. DNA provides a a linear sequence of nucleotides along a segment of DNA that provides very important
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Cell Bio Bites Topic: Ribosomal Function and Ricin Relevance of Ricin and Ribosomes Relevance of Ricin and Ribosomes Most foods from the four food groups contain protein. Protein is manufactured by the ribosome. In contrast to ribosomes‚ ricin breaks up proteins and blocks protein synthesis. In that perspective‚ ribosomes can be seen helpful and ricin as useless and lethal to a somatic cell. Luckily‚ since ricin can stop protein synthesis‚ ricin is being experimented to block diseases’ protein
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Genes Review 1) Selective breeding – chosen based on what can be seen and detected (favourable phenotype) Genetic engineering – selected based on genes 2) - DNA are found in nucleus (where most DNA are found)‚ mitochondria‚ chloroplast 3) - Translation requires ribosome‚ mRNA‚ tRNA (anticodon) and amino acids - DNA template‚ polymerase for transcription 4) Mitosis generates daughter cells that are identical Meiosis – homologous recombination 5) DNA coding sequence: 5` GGGCCCTTTAAA
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Both Phineas and Gene had an almost identical physique and age; however‚ this was basically where their shared similarities end as they proved to be diverse and unique. Coming from different backgrounds and supporting divergent talents‚ the two were arguably quite dissimilar. Nevertheless‚ over the course of their time spent together as roommates at Devon‚ Phineas and Gene shared a special bond. Their mutual association manifested despite these obvious contrasts and evidently survived times of great
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CHAPTER EIGHT 8 AN OVERVIEW OF GENE EXPRESSION HOW TRANSCRIPTIONAL SWITCHES WORK THE MOLECULAR MECHANISMS THAT CREATE SPECIALIZED CELL TYPES POST-TRANSCRIPTIONAL CONTROLS Control of Gene Expression An organism’s DNA encodes all of the RNA and protein molecules that are needed to make its cells. Yet a complete description of the DNA sequence of an organism—be it the few million nucleotides of a bacterium or the few billion nucleotides in each human cell—does not enable us to reconstruct the
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taking advantage of this by using a system of phylogenetic classification. In contrast to the traditional Linnaean system of classification‚ phylogenetic classification names only clades. For example‚ a strictly Linnaean system of classification might place the birds and non-Avian dinosaurs into two separate groups. However‚ the phylogeny of these organisms reveals that the bird lineage actually branches off of the dinosaur lineage‚ and so‚ in phylogenetic classification‚ the birds should be considered
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Bacteriaphages were good for the experiment because they only contain 2 organic compounds‚ DNA and protein. • James Watson and Francis Crick were the first to solve the structure (structure=function) of DNA. • X-ray crystallography( process used to visualize molecules in 3-D. • DNA is a double helix- structure • The nitrogenous bases of DNA are( adenine (A)‚ thymine (T)‚ guanine (G)‚ and cytosine (C). • The 2 strands (the leading and the lagging strand) are antiparallel.
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Maximum likelihood methods have been developed in order to construct the most probable phylogenetic tree. The earliest methods of calculating the maximum likelihood used gene frequency data‚ and more recent approaches involve algorithms of amino acid and nucleotide sequences. The general equation for the likelihood L of a phylogenetic tree is defined as the probability of observing the data in a given tree under a specific substitution pattern‚ L=(data│tree). The tree with the highest L value is
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11: How Genes are Controlled I. How and Why Genes are Regulated? A. Gene Expression in Differentiated Cells 1. What does it mean to say that the cells in your body are differentiated? It means that the cells in the body are specialized to do certain tasks with some genes in a cell turned off and some genes in the cell turned on. 2. The great differences among cell types is due to the selective expression of its genes. Define gene expression
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