Notes on ’Africa since 1940 – the past of the present’ by Frederick Cooper Cambridge University Press; 2002 Chapter 1: Introduction: from colonies to third world "Africa’s present did not emerge from an abrupt proclamation of independence‚ but from a long‚ convoluted and still ongoing process" (p.6) · concept of gatekeeper states; raising taxes on import/exports‚ but not widely controlling · continuity and change run parallel and interact‚ i.e. – institutions we think of as ’Western’
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The relevance of sustainability in marketing decision making What is marketing? What exactly is marketing? Is it just convincing people to buy products through various media? Billboards‚ TV commercials‚ junk mail and magazines filled with advertisements? From the consumer’s perspective‚ that is how it seems (Kotler et al. 2010‚ p. 5). But from a business’s standpoint‚ marketing is viewed very differently. Marketing is viewed as being based on an exchange relationship between a business and its
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known - wonders that are now threatened by human development. As pollution‚ global warming‚ climate change‚ habitat destruction and exploitation of resources threaten the “pale blue dot‚” the demand for sustainable development that meets our present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs grows every greater. However‚ sustainable practices promise a future where economic and environmental needs can coexist in harmony. Sustainability calls for protection of
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Joseph Johnson & Gerard J. Tellis Drivers of Success for Market Entry into China and India China and India are the fastest-growing major markets in the world and the most popular markets for foreign entrants. However‚ no study has examined the success or failure of these entries. Using a new definition of success and a uniquely compiled archival database‚ the authors analyze whether and why firms that entered China and India succeeded or failed. The most important findings are rather counterintuitive:
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25 Definitions Of Innovation inShare By: Hutch Carpenter | September 23‚ 2010 In a recent blog post proposing a definition of innovation‚ I noted that innovation means different things to different people. It ultimately is what you think it is. What’s a useful definition for you won’t work for others‚ and vice versa. I asked for people’s definitions on several LinkedIn groups‚ and the community came forward with many interesting and valuable perspectives. For me‚ the value of this was two-fold:
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CREATIVITY REATIVITY Report produced for the EC funded project INNOREGIO: dissemination of innovation and knowledge management techniques by Dr Eleni Sefertzi J A N U A R Y 2 0 0 0 CREATIVITY 1 Contents 1 Description 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 What is Creativity Objectives of Creativity Description /structure of the methodology /alternative solutions Expected results /benefits Characteristics of providers 2 Application 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Where Creativity development has been
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Sustainability Review Test 1 1) Kenneth E. Boulding—“Economics of the Coming Spaceship Earth” English (1910-1993)‚ Professor at U. of Michigan‚ U of Colorado Economist‚ educator‚ peace advocate‚ Quaker‚ systems scientists‚ interdisciplinary philosopher We are approaching a closed system and how it is going to be tough for us Neither receivers inputs nor outputs i.e. self-contained Today we are in an open mind approaching a closed one Morals are keeping us in the open for now Econospherethe
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Explain what is meant by the term globalisation. Identify and analyse the key drivers of the process of globalisation over the last twenty years. During the mid 1990’s the International Monetary Fund has defined globalisation as: ‘The growing interdependence of countries world-wide through the increasing volume and variety of cross-border transactions in goods and services and of international capital flows‚ and also through the more rapid and widespread diffusion of technology’ (Turner
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intermediation has been undergoing a profound transformation‚ owing to changes in the global financial system. India’s banking system has seen some major financial innovations in the past decade as well as steps to promote financial inclusion‚ schemes that aim to take banking services to yet-to-be-banked areas. The various innovations in banking and financial sector are ECS‚ RTGS‚ EFT‚ NEFT‚ ATM‚ Retail Banking‚ Debit & Credit Cards‚ free advisory services‚ implementation of standing instructions
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Now and Then Interview “Times sure have changed” is a quote that comes to mind when thinking of the different between being an adolescent today compared to being an adolescent sixty years ago. To find out more about the differences I was able to speak with a male‚ currently age 82‚ and a female age 18. I am familiar with both of these individuals one‚ a close friend of the family‚ and my cousin’s daughter was able to answer some questions for me also. These two people both grew up in the United
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