request from a user program that an OS service be performed .Dual-mode Operation allows OS to protect itself and other system components whereas Multimode Operation increasingly CPUs support multi-mode operations. System call provides the means for a user program to ask OS to perform OS tasks on the user program’s behalf. When a system callis executed‚ it is treated by H/W as a S/W interrupt. Timer protects CPU resource from getting stuck by a user program. To ensure OS maintains control over the
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OPERATING SYSTEM - FILE SYSTEM http://www.tutorialspoint.com/operating_system/os_file_system.htm Copyright © tutorialspoint.com File A file is a named collection of related information that is recorded on secondary storage such as magnetic disks‚ magnetic tapes and optical disks.In general‚ a file is a sequence of bits‚ bytes‚ lines or records whose meaning is defined by the files creator and user. File Structure File structure is a structure‚ which is according to a required format
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1. Briefly‚ what is an operating system? An operating system serves as a hardware/software interface‚ acts as a repository for common‚ shared routines and defines a platform for constructing and executing application software. 2. An operating system presents an application programmer with a relatively "friendly" hardware/software interface. What does this mean? Why is it important? The user interface‚ sometimes called the shell‚ provides a mechanism for the user and application programs to communicate
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COMPARISO BETWEEN DIFFERENT TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEMS These tables provide a comparison of operating systems‚ listing general and technical information for a number of widely used and currently available PC and handheld (including smartphone and tablet computer) operating systems. The article‚ usage share of operating systems provides a broader‚ and more general‚ comparison of operating systems that includes servers‚ mainframes and supercomputers. Because of the large number and variety of
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Operating Systems Assignment #5 Of Chapter 4 Eighth Edition of Operating System Concepts by Avi Silberschatz Peter Baer Galvin & Greg Gagne 2009 4.1 Provide two programming examples in which multithreading does not provide better performance than a single-threaded solution Answer: (1) Any kind of sequential program is not a good candidate to be threaded. An example of this is a program that calculates an individual tax return. (2) Another example is a "shell" program such as
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What are the two differences between user-level and kernel-level threads? Under what circumstances is one type is better than other? Answer: 1- User-level threads are unknown by the kernel‚ whereas the kernel is aware of kernel threads. 2- On systems using either M: 1 or M: N mapping‚ user threads are scheduled by the thread library and the kernel schedules kernel threads. 3- Kernel threads need not be associated with a process whereas every user thread belongs to a process. Kernel threads are
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its lifetime. Operating system takes care of selecting the processes from these queues in some fashion. Selecting process is done by the the appropriate scheduler. Types of scheduling: Short - term (or) CPU Scheduler Medium – term Long – term (or) Job Scheduler Short – Term Scheduler: Short term scheduler selects the processes that are ready to execute and allocates CPU to one of them. Medium – Term Scheduler: Medium term scheduler is introduced by some operating systems such as time sharing
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Operating Systems Task 1 An operating system (OS) is a part of software which manages the operation of a computer. It controls the hardware and software of a computer‚ without it a computer would be useless. DOS Disk operating system (DOS) was released in 1981. It will load from a floppy disk each time a computer starts. DOS uses a command line interface. Command line interface can be difficult to use if you aren’t trained or experienced in using it. DOS is the predecessor to windows. DOS is
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Technology II-C Passed to: Mrs. Maryjes Calades Operating system examples As computers have progressed and developed so have the operating systems. Below is a basic list of the different operating systems and a few examples of operating systems that fall into each of the categories. Many computer operating systems will fall into more than one of the below categories. GUI - Short for Graphical User Interface‚ a GUI Operating System contains graphics and icons and is commonly navigated by
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single-processor system? * Umumnya‚ setiap situasi di mana pemungutan dihindari menggunakan multithreading‚ yang memungkinkan thread untuk memblokir daripada berkutat di beberapa kondisi. 4.4 Which of the following components of program state are shared across threads in a multithreaded process? * Heap memory dan Global variables 4.5 Can a multithreaded solution using multiple user-level threads achieve better performance on a multiprocessor system than on a single-processor system?
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