Costs of Incarceration Introduction to Corrections Incarceration Costs Money is a huge issue with problems in America and in America the costs for corrections is going up every year. Some may argue that this is because of more people getting in trouble‚ jails are too full‚ or others may argue that the programs are not working to cut down recidivism rates. Regardless of what argument one makes this research paper shows results on how worth a program is based on money and recidivism
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Cost Benefit Analysis What is cost benefit analysis? Cost benefit analysis (COBA) is a technique for assessing the monetary social costs and benefits of a capital investment project over a given time period. The principles of cost-benefit analysis (CBA) are simple: 1. Appraisal of a project: It is an economic technique for project appraisal‚ widely used in business as well as government spending projects (for example should a business invest in a new information system) 2. Incorporates
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Sunk Cost-cost that has already been incurred and cannot be avoided no matter what a manager decides to do. A business segment should only be dropped if a company can avoid more in fixed costs than it loses in: contribution margin Which of the following techniques describe how a bottleneck should be managed: Find ways to increase the capacity of the bottleneck‚ ensure there is minimal lost time at the bottleneck due to breakdowns and set-ups‚ focus business process improvement efforts on the bottleneck
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Microeconomics Topic 6: “Be able to explain and calculate average and marginal cost to make production decisions.” Reference: Gregory Mankiw’s Principles of Microeconomics‚ 2nd edition‚ Chapter 13. Long-Run versus Short-Run In order to understand average cost and marginal cost‚ it is first necessary to understand the distinction between the “long run” and the “short run.” Short run: a period of time during which one or more of a firm’s inputs cannot be changed. Long run: a period of time during which
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COST CLASSIFICATION CONCEPT OF COST: DEFINITION: A SACRIFICE OR GIVING UP OF RESOURCES FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE FREQUENTLY MEASURED BY THE MONETARY UNITS (RUPEES‚ DOLLARS) THAT MUST BE PAID FOR GOODS AND SERVICES . ➢ EMPHASIS ON COST INFORMATION: MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTANTS PAY A LOT OF ATTENTION TO COSTS BECAUSE COST HAVE A VITAL ROLE TO PLAY IN PLANNING ‚ EVALUATING AND DECISION MAKING. FOR EXAMPLE IN PLANNING THE ROUTE AND FLIGHT SCHEDULES THE MANAGER OF AN AIR LINE MUST CONSIDER
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Cost accounting deals with ascertainment ‚ allocation ‚ apportionment accounting aspect of costs.Management accounting deals with the effect and impact of costs on the business. 2. Cost accounting provides a base for management accounting whereas management accounting is derived from cost accounting and financial accounting. 3. Cost accounting does not include financial accounting ‚ tax planning and tax accounting. Management accounting includes financial and cost accounting ‚ tax accounting
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Summer2011-Microeconomics-Exam Two Practice 1. To calculate the total utility of consuming N products: A. add the additional satisfaction of consuming each product up to N and multiply by its price. B. add the total satisfactions of consuming each product up to N. C. multiply the additional satisfaction from consuming the Nth product by its price. D. multiply total satisfaction from consuming N products by N. 2. Suppose that the following table lists the utility that Steve receives from
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a transaction cost is a cost incurred in making an economic exchange. A number of different kinds of transaction costs exist. Search and information costs are costs such as those incurred in determining that the required good is available on the market‚ who has the lowest price‚ etc. Bargaining costs are the costs required to come to an acceptable agreement with the other party to the transaction‚ drawing up an appropriate contract‚ etc.. Policing and enforcement costs are the costs of making sure
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Opportunity Cost Scarcity of resources is one of the more basic concepts of economics. Scarcity necessitates trade-offs‚ and trade-offs result in an opportunity cost. While the cost of a good or service often is thought of in monetary terms‚ the opportunity cost of a decision is based on what must be given up (the next best alternative) as a result of the decision. Any decision that involves a choice between two or more options has an opportunity cost. Opportunity cost contrasts to accounting cost in
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Ethics Issue: Is it ethical for an American company to operate a sweatshop in a foreign country? Facts: According to the US Department of Labor‚ a sweatshop is an employer that violates more than one federal or state labor law governing minimum wage and overtime‚ child labor‚ industrial homework‚ occupational safety and health‚ workers compensation or industry [1]. As we examine the effects that sweatshops have on the employees in the foreign country‚ most American’s would agree that forcing
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