stimulus-response connections with the introduction of the theory of learning. The premise of Thorndike’s research implied that rewards and punishment have distinct yet an equal impact on human behaviors. However‚ one of the more well-known learning theorists in modern times is B.F. Skinner‚ who shares comparable behavioral observation as Thorndike‚ in that behaviors are learned as a consequence of actions. Further testing of this theory‚ Skinner developed the prominently distinguished Skinner box
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Explanations of Attachment – Learning Theory AO1: Learning Theory stated that all behaviour is learnt rather than innate and that we are born a ‘blank slate’. Behaviourists suggest that all behaviour is learned either through classical or operant conditioning. Classical Conditioning - Association Food produces pleasure‚ primary care giver (food giver) is associated with the food and becomes a conditioned stimulus. Operant Conditioning – Reward and punishment According to operant conditioning
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An Open Mind to an Open System AN OPEN MIND TO AN OPEN SYSTEM The Open System Theory was initially developed by Ludwig von Bertanlanffy (1956)‚ a biologist‚ but it was immediately applicable across all disciplines. It defines the concept of a system‚ where "all systems are characterized by an assemblage or combination of parts whose relations make them interdependent". As one moves from mechanical to organic and social systems‚ the interactions between parts in the system become more complex and
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Family Systems Theory / Micro & Macro Assessment A system theory is utilized in investigating or describing how something or someone functions together. “Family systems theory describes the family as an open‚ complex system in which all‚ of the members are interconnected” (Pender‚ Murdaugh‚ & Parsons‚ 2015‚ p.15). The five concepts that help define a unit are: family system as part of a larger supra system and composed of other subsystems‚ family as a whole greater than the sum of its parts‚ change
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The social learning theory suggests that an individual’s behaviors and thoughts are shaped by observations (Hutchinson‚ 2016). This theory uses social behavioral aspects of conditioning and discusses that individuals’ behaviors are prompted by emotions and thoughts. The emotions and thoughts that are displayed by a person are thought of as behaviors that need an explanation (Hutchinson‚ 2016). The conditioning principles used are operant conditioning and classical conditioning (Hutchinson‚ 2016)
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Theories and Value Systems - The objective of the theory is to guide us to make decisions and judgments about actions in certain situations‚ i.e to try to determine what we and other people ought to do. - We not only act as an agent‚ but also as witness‚ adviser‚ teacher‚ judge‚ and critic in morality. (we= agent moral). Social Morality Theory - The words ethics (ethos) and moral (more which mean customs‚ habit‚ courtesy‚ character‚ etc.‚ are connected with regulations and
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Mischel’s social learning theory was used in the evaluation of Frida Kahlo and righteously so. Kahlo embodied the idea that people learn from their life experiences. Kahlo’s father showed her many photographs he took of the Mexican indigenous culture‚ and in turn Kahlo expressed these views in her own personality. Looking into the personal construct theory‚ Richard Nixon is a prime example of the views George Kelly had. Nixon’s decisions showed the key points of Kelly’s theory. The theory states that
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Family System Theory Introduction Murray Bowen’s family system theory was one of the first comprehensive theories of family system functioning. It was developed in 1974 and it believed the family can be defined as a set of interacting individuals who are related by blood‚ marriage‚ cohabitation‚ or adoption and who interdependently perform relevant functions through roles. Relevant functions of the family include values and practices placed on health system theory is used to explain patterns of
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question throughout the years but we know that in order for social learning theory to take place a few characteristics must be in place. The main idea of this theory states that people develop a motivation to commit a crime and that the skills are learned through the people they associate with. Social learning theory suggests that “criminal behavior is learned through interaction with other persons.” (Cullen et al‚ pg 127) This theory says that people engage in criminal behavior the same way that they
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15th “Open Systems Theory (OST) is a modern systems-based changed management theory designed to create healthy‚ innovative and resilient organizations and communities in today’s fast changing and unpredictable environments (Opensystemtheory.org‚ July‚ 2013).” In this paper I will discuss what Open System Theory is and how it relates to organizations‚ groups and Individuals. The Open System Model takes into account relations between systems and its environment. The open system properties are
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