establishment of level of professionalism of Public Relations practitioners to be conducted within PR firms/agencies allocated in Nairobi. It is important to professionalize PR since every organization cannot work minus Public Relations activities and therefore there is a need to establish the practitioners level of professionalism CHAPTER 1 1.0 INTRODUCTION LEVEL OF PROFESSIONALISM OF PR PRACTITIONERS IN NAIROBI The level of professionalism of Public Relations practitioners is a crosscutting
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“The theories we use to help us understand standard-setting in national arenas (such as Australia) don’t work so well at the international level where the . . . International Accounting Standard Board (IASB) is taking a leading role. We will have to modify them or expand our theoretical repertoire” Discuss the above statement‚ clearly indicating your agreement or otherwise about the basis for your views. Abstract: The theories that are presented in this paper all assume the importance of a
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government accounting principles and professional standards. An accounting specialist also aids federal authorities in evaluating budget data‚ estimating revenue and expense levels‚ and adjusting social programs. Based on theories: Advantages: * Challenging‚ Rewarding and Fulfilling Work * Excellent Benefits * Job Availability and Demand * Competitive Salaries * Career Progression Disadvantage: * Without solid government accounting experience
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Four-Firm Concentration Ratio Definition of the Four- Firm Concentration Ratio This is one of the most common concentration ratios. The four-firm concentration ratio is commonly used to indicate the degree to which an industry is oligopolistic and the extent of market control held by the four largest firms in the industry. How would you describe an industry with 20 firms and the CR is 20% and its implications?
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ABSTRACT The accounting fraud is frequent‚ widespread and familiar in many countries and organization. It brings a loss to firms and investors. But there is no research trying to explain factors comprehensively influencing it. The obyectives of the research are to test and explain the effect of the internal control effectiveness‚ suitability of reward‚ compliance to accounting rules‚ information asymmetry‚ management morality toward unethical behavior and intention to accounting fraud. More particularly
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Accounting numbers in business is a closely watched area these days largely in part to the bad financial decisions made by certain corporations. This all has happened over the past 10 years when large corporations were found to be fudging the numbers causing thousands and thousands of employees to lose everything when the company went under. The article chosen for this paper is about the importance of educating students on ethics in accounting. It was written by Susan Schott Karr in 2004‚ who frequently
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progress against plans‚ which may need modification based on feedback. Management accounting is concerned with the provisions and use of accounting information to managers within organizations‚ to provide them with the basis to make informed business decisions that will allow them to be better equipped in their management and control functions. In contrast to financial accountancy information‚ management accounting information is: usually confidential and used by management‚ instead of publicly
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Ethics in Accounting • • • • • • • • Systematic body of theory and knowledge Extensive education process for its members Ideal of service to the community High degree of autonomy and independence Code of ethics for its members Distinctive ethos/culture Application of professional judgment Existence of a governing body Attributes of a profession • Service ideal • Market control view The service ideal vs. the market control view Accountants work in: • private companies
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Reserve policy b. influence of government policy‚ the number of qualified buyers‚ and the effect of generally accepted accounting principles c. number of buyers and sellers‚ whether the product is standardized‚ whether there is free entry and exit‚ and how well informed the buyers and sellers are about the market d. volume of discounts‚ the effect of generally accepted accounting principles‚ and Federal Reserve policy e. influence of government policy‚ the quantity of foreign exchange‚ and the
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ETHICAL ISSUES IN MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING The aim of this paper is to highlight in the light of the empirical researches conducted previously the presence of ethical issues and dilemmas in managerial accounting. The implications of which can be disastrous bringing colossal giants crumbling to their knees. The prime aim is to throw light at the subtle inconsistencies that can cost the companies far more than just money but their entire image. The asset of ‘good will’ has its nemesis in these unethical
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