Chemical reactions are a part of everyday lives. Whether it is the burning of propane at a kitchen stove‚ or washing detergent reacting with dirt stains‚ chemical reactions are useful tools that have widespread applications. With so many reactions assisting our everyday activities‚ it is important that ways to optimise reaction rates are investigated. “Reaction rate‚ the speed at which a chemical reaction proceeds… may be defined in terms of the amounts of the reactants consumed or products formed
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Year 11 Module 1 – The Chemical Earth The Earth is made up of a large number of different substances: elements‚ compounds & mixtures We can classify elements & compounds as pure substances. These are always HOMOGENEOUS. Mixtures are not pure substances and can be either homogeneous or HETEROGENEOUS. Pure substances have a fixed composition eg copper metal‚ sulfur‚ carbon dioxide (CO2)‚ methane (CH4). Mixtures have variable composition and can also be separated into its components relatively
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Case (2) NEW WORLD CHEMICALS INC Financial Forecasting Sue Wilson‚ the new financial manager of New World Chemicals (NWC)‚ a California producer of specialized chemicals for use in fruit orchards‚ must prepare a financial forecast for 1998. NWC ’s 1997 sales were $2 billion‚ and the marketing department is forecasting a 25 percent increase for 1998. Wilson thinks the company was operating at full capacity in 1997‚ but she is not sure about this. The 1997 financial statements‚ plus some other data
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simple soluble substances. There are two types of digestion – chemical digestion and mechanical digestion. Mechanical digestion involves breaking up large pieces of food into smaller pieces. This provides a large surface area for the action of enzymes on food. There is no change to the chemical composition of food during mechanical digestion. Mechanical digestion occurs in the mouth (mastication) and in the stomach (churning). Chemical digestion involves the action of enzymes. Large insoluble food
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Introduction: A chemical reaction involves the breaking and forming of bonds in order to create the necessary energy required to cause movement. Each reaction is catalyzed (an increase in rate because of a present catalyst) by a specific enzyme. Enzymes are able to denature proteins‚ meaning that a protein loses its original shape by uncoiling‚ giving it a random‚ unstructured shape. The pineapple plant contains bromelain which‚ because of its unique characteristics‚ keeps gelatin from thickening
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Introduction: A balanced chemical equation has reactants and product that has to represent a formulae. The amount of each element‚ number needs to be the same in either side of the equation. (E.g.‚ HCl(aq)+NaHCO3(s) reacts to produce NaCl(aq)+H2O(I)+CO2(g)‚ this is the equation given for this lab). This help us view the study of Law of Conservation of Mass‚ when either side of equation is equally balanced. The calculation for formula mass helps determine if you need to convert grams to a particular
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Atoms‚ Airs‚ and Chemical Bonding Rich McConnell‚ CH-201 Grantham University Atoms‚ Airs‚ and Chemical Bonding 1. Alcohol in our digestive system reacts with oxygen gas to form carbon dioxide and water. How many grams of carbon dioxide are released if a 10.00 g alcohol sample reacts with 20.85 g of oxygen gas and produces 11.77 g of water? Answer: 19.08g CO2 2. Using the periodic table‚ fill in the missing information in the following table: Protons Neutrons Electrons Isotope Symbol 27 32 27
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LAB 1: Cheesemaking with Enzymes 9E Chihiro Okada Introduction 1. Enzymes - are biological catalyst. 2. Enzymes - are proteins that catalyze chemical reactions. Emporase – an enzymes that speeds up the production of cheese. 3. First milk is pasteurized by heating it to 72℃ for 15 seconds to kill any harmful bacteria. Then‚ the milk is cooled and either a special blend of bacteria or an acidic solution - such as vinegar or lemon juice - is added. The milk is
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Chemical Gas Tests Procedure Part 1: Hydrogen and Manganese Dioxide 1. Inserted 4mL of hydrogen into a test tube 2. Scooped a little amount of manganese dioxide on the end of a wooden splint 3. Allowed the tip of the splint to flame using the Bunsen Burner 4. Allowed the reaction to proceed for a total of 15 seconds. 5. Placed the glowing splint into the test tube 6. Recorded the results Part 2: Magnesium strip and Hydrochloric acid 1. Poured 3mL of hydrochloric acid into a test
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1.1 INTRODUCTION Chemical bonding – the force of attraction between the two atoms Valence electron – the outer most shell electrons There are three types of chemical bonding i. Ionic bond: ________________________________________ ii. Covalent bond: _____________________________________ iii. Dative Covalent bond: _______________________________ 1.1.1 LEWIS DOT SYMBOL A shorthand to represent the valence electron of an atom. The element symbol
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