AUDIT EXPECTATION GAP The phrase "Audit Expectations Gap" was first introduced into the literature over thirty five years ago‚ by Liggio (1974)‚ under the Cohen Commission. It was defined as the difference between the levels of expected performance "as envisioned by the independent accountant and by the user of financial statements" The term ‘expectation gap’ is commonly utilized to describe the situation whereby a difference in expectation exists between a group with a certain expertise‚ and
Free Auditor's report Audit Auditing
EXAMPLE AUDIT ENGAGEMENT LETTER This example engagement letter is intended solely for general educational purposes. It is not intended for the purpose of providing specific legal‚ accounting‚ or other professional advice to any particular recipient or with respect to any particular jurisdiction. The author‚ publisher‚ and distributor of this document (1) make no representations‚ warranties‚ or guarantees as to its technical accuracy or compliance with any law ( federal‚ state‚ or local) or professional
Premium Balance sheet Financial statements Internal control
Marketing Audit Report on Hot n Spicy- Group Case Study Submitted by: Zhang Lin (4341958) Saltanat Yelgonova (4630014) Waqas Nadir (4634305) Sara Al Zaabi (4619961) Sagar Patel (4632618) Submitted to: Dr. Prakash Vel University of Wollongong Dubai 1 Table of contents 1. Executive summary ......................................................................................................................... 1 2. Introduction to the restaurant industry ..................
Premium Marketing
Audit Quality and Audit Firm Size: Revisited by Dan A. Simunic The University of British Columbia December‚ 2003 Background: 1. Audit quality is an important element of corporate governance – although it’s unclear whether audit quality and other aspects of corporate governance (e.g. director knowledge and independence) are fundamentally complements or substitutes. 2. Notion that audit quality varies systematically across classes of audit firms (now Big 4 vs. non-Big 4) has been
Premium Audit Big Four auditors Financial audit
How to write business proposals that persuade clients and win contracts Your Proposal Must Persuade Business proposals are written for one reason - to win business. You win business when your proposals persuade clients that your solutions are better than your competitors. So‚ as you start to write your proposal‚ bear in mind that your main objective is to persuade the reader to buy your service. Persuasion takes four steps Your proposal will persuade the reader if you do four things: 1. Understand
Premium Management Marketing Strategic management
Week 5 Assignment 1. In auditing the long-term investments account‚ an auditor is unable to obtain audited financial statements for an investee located in a foreign country. The auditor concludes that sufficient appropriate audit evidence regarding this investment cannot be obtained. a. F. Either a disclaimer of opinion or an “except for” qualified opinion. –If the auditor is unable to obtain financial statements for an investee it is considered a scope limitation in which either a qualified
Premium Auditor's report Generally Accepted Accounting Principles
Theories of auditing There are several different theories that may explain the demand for audit services. Some of them are well known in research and some of them are more based on perceptions. Figure 1 illustrates four audit theories according to Hayes et al. (2005). The policeman theory claims that the auditor is responsible for searching‚ discovering and preventing fraud. In the early 20thcentury this was certainly the case. However‚ more recently the main focus of auditors has been to provide
Premium Financial audit Audit Auditing
WSEAS TRANSACTIONS on BUSINESS and ECONOMICS Elissaveta Gourova‚ Albena Antonova‚ Yanka Todorova Knowledge audit concepts‚ processes and practice ELISSAVETA GOUROVA Faculty of Mathematics and Informatics Sofia University 125‚ Tzarigradsko shosse Blvd.‚ bl. 2‚ Sofia BULGARIA elis@fmi.uni-sofia.bg http://www.fmi.uni-sofia.bg ALBENA ANTONOVA Centre for Information Society Technologies Sofia University 125‚ Tzarigradsko shosse Blvd. bl. 2 fl. 3 BULGARIA a_antonova@fmi.uni-sofia.bg http://www-it
Premium Knowledge management Knowledge
|4 Quality Management System |Observation/Comments |Results | |4.1 General Requirements | | | |Has your organization established a management system (QMS) |The QMS system applies to all major processes throughout the company | | |giving consideration to:
Premium Management Quality management system Quality assurance
System proposal: August 23‚ 2008‚ 7:36 am Systems Proposal is serves as a summary of the system’s analyst work in the business so it is essential that great care is given to writing and presenting it. Ten Main Section of your System Proposal 1. Cover Letter List of people who did the study and summarize the objectives of the study are provided in your cover letter. Also‚ prearranged time and place for oral presentation of the system proposal can be included. Keep your cover letter concise
Premium Business analyst Analysis