Chapter 12 (Part 2) Explain the principle of independent assortment and its relation to meiosis: The segregation of chromosomes in anaphase I of meiosis explains Mendel’s observation that each parent gives one allele for each trait at random to each offspring‚ regardless of whether the allele is expressed. The segregation of chromosomes at random during anaphase I explains Mendel’s observation that factors‚ or genes‚ for different traits are inherited independently of each other. Apply the
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cells Chromosome: a structure in the nucleus that contains DNA Sister chromatid: one of two chromosomes that are genetically identical and held together at the centromere Centromere: the region where two sister chromatids are held together in a chromosome Spindle fibre: a microtubule structure that facilitates the movement of chromosomes within a cell Centrosome: a structure that helps to form the spindle fibres Genome: the complete DNA sequence of an organism Sex chromosome: an X or Y chromosome
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Think of a Civil Rights activist in the late 50’s and 60’s. Did you think of Malcolm X? Probably not‚ but he was one of the leading factors to stop segregation in the 60’s. Malcolm X was a great speaker because of his childhood‚ his beliefs and his assassination. How has this foster child become one of the most known civil rights activist in the world. When he was a boy‚ his father was a priest and an avid supporter of Marcus Garvey. When Malcolm was 4‚ his housed got burned down by the KKK. 2
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The Autobiography of Malcolm X as told by Alex Haley is about a man who changed the history of America. Malcolm (Little) X preached what he believed about racism‚ discrimination‚ and segregation. He went through many changes in his fight for equality. The three transformations that really changed the way Malcolm thought and preached where his transformation in prison‚ his transformation into the Islamic religion (following Elijah Muhammad)‚ and the biggest transformation of all‚ his pilgrimage to
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arrangement of chromosomes arranged in homologous pairs The chromosome complement of a cell or organism characterized by the number‚ size and morphological features of each chromosome II. Types of Human Genetic disorders a. Human Chromosomal Abnormalities 1. Nondisjunction Occurs when homologous chromosomes fail to segregate during meiosis Produces gametes with three chromosome pairs (trisomy) or only one chromosome of a normal pair (monosomy) Involves any chromosomes‚ including the
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I. Codominance in Humans A. Codominance is the phenotypes of both homozygotes are produced in the heterozygote. 1. Ex: sickle-cell disease II. Sickle-cell disease A. Homozygous for sickle-cell allele. B. Oxygen-carrying protein hemoglobin differs by one amino acid from normal hemoglobin. C. Defective hemoglobin forms crystal-like structures that change the shape of the red blood cells. D. Normal red bloods cells are disc-shaped‚ but abnormal red blood cells are sickle-shaped or half- moon. E
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1) What was the most significant conclusion that Gregor Mendel drew from his experiments with pea plants? A) There is considerable genetic variation in garden peas. B) Traits are inherited in discrete units‚ and are not the results of "blending." C) Recessive genes occur more frequently in the F1 generation than do dominant ones. D) Genes are composed of DNA. E) An organism that is homozygous for many recessive traits is at a disadvantage. 2) How many unique gametes could be produced through
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separation of alleles during anaphase I of meiosis accounts for Mendel’s principle of segregation. If the alleles for different genes are located on different chromosomes‚ they assort independently from one another in meiosis I. This confirmed the principle of independent assortment. Later on‚ the two scientists came up with the chromosome theory of inheritance‚ which states that independent assortment happens in metaphase and anaphase of meiosis I. To test the theory of inheritance‚ scientist Thomas
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AICE Biology Ch 6 Jones; Ch 10 Raven Content • Replication and division of nuclei and cells • Understanding of chromosome behavior in mitosis Learning Outcomes Candidates should be able to: (a) explain the importance of mitosis in the production of genetically identical cells‚ growth‚ repair and asexual reproduction; (b) [PA] describe‚ with the aid of diagrams‚ the behavior of ( )[ ] chromosomes during the mitotic cell cycle and the associated behavior of the nuclear envelope‚ cell membrane‚ centrioles
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So in the last unit we studied about chemical basis of life. Now just Focus for a moment on biology‘s subject‚ ‗life‘. All living things on earth are characterized by cellular organization‚ growth‚ reproduction‚ homeostasis and heredity. These characteristics define the term life. Then what is inheritance? Inheritance is something you possess from your ancestor and carried along‚ it may be any asset‚ money or anything but when we connect with the life what we will take from our parental generation
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