The Biological Importance Of Water Water plays a huge role in our lives‚ the molecule which is comprised of two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen bonded together has many complex properties. The molecule maintains a bent shape due to its tetrahedral arrangement and the negative lone pair of electrons on the oxygen. The electrons from both hydrogen and oxygen are joined covalently but the difference in electronegativity lets the electrons from hydrogen get pulled slightly toward the oxygen
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in the bark of different types of trees. Cambium: The thin layer of living cells just inside the bark is called cambium. It is the part of the tree that makes new cells allowing the tree to grow wider each year. Sapwood (Xylem): The scientific name for sapwood is xylem. It is made up of a network of living cells that bring water and nutrients up from the roots to the branches‚ twigs and leaves. It is the youngest wood of the tree -- over the years‚ the inner layers of sapwood die and become
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Chapter 2: Patterns in Nature 1. Cell theory • 1590: Dutch grind glass lens (1st compound microscope) • 1665: Robert Hooke uses compound m. analysis thin cork slices as filled with air enclosed in boxes (cells) distinct • 1676: Dutch sees microorganism under microscope from pond water • 1824: French suggest all organisms composed of cells • 1827: Robert Brown (Brownian motion) discovered nucleus in plant cell • 1838: German produced evidence that all organisms made of cells • 1859:
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Plant Kingdom * Bryophyta * Non-vascular (no xylem or phloem) * Reliance on diffusion and osmosis * Ergo‚ size restriction to damp areas * Reproduce via haploid spores * No roots; rhizoids * No true stems * Possible earliest colonists of land. * Moss‚ liverworts‚ hornworts * Filicinophyta * Seedless (male gamete meets female gametes) * Vascular (xylem carry water and phloem carry nutrients) * Ferns‚ club mosses‚
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PATTERNS IN NATURE – Summary Notes 1. ORGANISMS ARE MADE OF CELLS THAT HAVE SIMILAR STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS 1.1 Outline the historical development of the cell theory‚ in particular‚ the contributions of Robert Hooke and Robert Brown The Cell Theory states that: All living things are made of cells (Theodor Schwann & Matthias Schleiden) Cells are the basic structural and functional unit of organisms (Theodor Schwann) All cells come from pre-existing cells (Rudolf Virchow) The historical
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Biology Unit 2 Module 2 1.1: Explain the uptake of ions by active transport in roots; * Emphasize the role of the endodermis. Most plants secure the water and minerals they need from their roots. The path taken is: soil -> roots -> stems -> leaves The minerals (e.g.‚ K+‚ Ca2+) travel dissolved in the water (often accompanied by various organic molecules supplied by root cells).Less than 1% of the water reaching the leaves is used in photosynthesis and plant growth. Most of it is
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from the air for photosynthesis. Transpiration also cools plants and enables mass flow of mineral nutrients and water from roots to shoots. Water is absorbed at the roots by osmosis‚ and any dissolved mineral nutrients travel with it through the xylem. The rate of transpiration is directly related to the degree of stomatal opening‚ and to the evaporative demand of the atmosphere surrounding the leaf. The amount of water lost by a plant depends on its size‚ along with the surrounding light intensity
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evolution of land plants? (i) Rhodophyta (ii) Phaeophyta (iii) Chlorophyta (iv) Cyanophyta 9.A distinct feature of bryophytes when compared to other green plants is that they (i)produce spores (ii) have sporophyte attached to gametophyte (iii) lack xylem (iv) lack roots 10.Which of the following bryophyte is of great economic importance? (i)Funaria (ii) Liverworts (iii) Sphagnum (iv) Chondrus 11. Which of the following is likely to occur on sea coasts?’(i) Mosses (ii) Green algae (iii) Red algae
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Biology Topic One Maintaining a Balance 1. What are enzymes? Identify their role in metabolism. 2. Enzymes are made up of ____________‚ _____________‚ ______________ and ________________. 3. Enzymes are large __________ that are coiled up to form an ____________ __________. 4. The molecule that the enzyme acts on is called the ______________. 5. Use a model to illustrate how enzymes work. 6. Explain how enzymes
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I turned this paper in two days late‚ but the teacher was so impressed that I still got 100% Excellent; I couldn’ t have written a better paper myself. DIVERSITY OF PLANTS Plants evolved more than 430 million years ago from multicellular green algae. By 300 million years ago‚ trees had evolved and formed forests‚ within which the diversification of vertebrates‚ insects‚ and fungi occurred. Roughly 266‚000 species of plants are now living. The two major groups of plants are the bryophytes and the
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