The Biological Importance of Water. Water is a material that is essential for all life on earth. The fact that water makes up between 60 and 95 percent of all living organisms clearly shows the biological importance of this compound. The way that water is structured and its properties lead to it being one of the most individual and vital compounds on earth. Water molecules are dipolar‚ meaning they have a positively charged and a negatively charged region. A water molecule consists of two hydrogen
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absorbed through the roots‚ which are covered in specially adapted root hair cells‚ with large surface areas and thin cell walls to aid absorption. It is drawn up the plant through xylem vessels by a pull resulting from the evaporation of water through the stomata on the leaves. This evaporation is called transpiration and the xylem flow
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Trippple Award Specification (4BIO) Examination in 2012 Trippple Award Specification Key words are underlined in red. Practical work is printed in italics. Section 1: The nature and variety of living organisms Characteristics of living organisms include; M ovement R espitation S ensitivity G rowth R eproduction E xcretion N utrition In addition‚ all living organisms contain nucleic acids (DNA) and have the ability to control their internal conditions. Finally‚ all living
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Photosynthesis Abstract: An experiment was carried out to determine how certain factors such as light intensity and availability of carbon dioxide‚ affected the rate of photosynthesis. The rate of photosynthesis was measure by the amount of oxygen produce (cm3/min). A valid conclusion was made and most of the results were in accordance with the prediction‚ although there were some anomalies present. The errors and limitations were evaluated and some improvements were suggested. Introduction: Photosynthesis
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CORE ONE: MAINTAINING A BALANCE • IDENTIFY THE ROLE OF ENZYMES IN METABOLISM‚ DESCRIBE THEIR CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND USE A SIMPLE MODEL TO DEMOSTRATE THEIR SPECIFITY ON SUBSTRATES. Enzymes are biological catalysts this means that they lower the energy required to start a chemical reaction within a cell but don’t get used up by that reaction. Every reaction and process in the metabolism of the cell is controlled by a specific enzyme. Enzymes are globular proteins whose shapes are specialised
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MULTI CHOICE QUESTIONS BIOLOGY 1. First living cells were observed by A) Robert Hooke B) A.V Leeuwenhoek C) Robert Brown D) R.Virchow 2. Well defined nucleus is absent in A) Plant cell B) Animal cell C) Eukaryotic cell D) Prokaryotic cell 3. Which of the following is incorrect pair A) Nucleus-Brain of the cell B) Mitochondria-Power house of the cell C) Chloroplast-Kitchen of the cell D) Lysosome-Secretory granules
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Cohesion Phenomenon of intermolecular forces holding particles of a substance together. Cohesion differs from adhesion in being the force of attraction between adjacent particles within the same body; adhesion is the interaction between the surfaces of different bodies. The force of cohesion in gases can be observed in the liquefaction (condensation) of a gas‚ which is the result of a number of molecules being pressed together to produce forces of attraction high enough to give a liquid structure
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1. 2. Basis of life are (a) nucleic acids (c) nucleoproteins Life span of parrot is (a) 140 years (c) 80 years Theory of ’saltations’ (b) proteins (d) amino acids (b) 60 years (d) 40 years was given by (c) Mixed (d) None of these 11. Pappus helps in dispersal of pollen in (a) Asteraceae (b) Brassicaceae (c) Malvaceae (d) Solanaceae 12. In which of the following groups are seeds present? (a) Psilophyta (c) Lycopodiophyta 13. Match the columns. Column I (Vitamins) A. B. C. D. B‚ D E C
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solvent. Because water is slightly ionised‚ other polar molecules such as salts‚ sugars and amino acids will dissolve readily in water. This allows water to be used for the transportation of such substances (notably in the bloodstream of animals and the xylem and phloem vessels found in plants). Water can be used in this way to transport many substances: nutrients‚ excretory products (eg urea‚ ammonia)‚ hormones and digestive juices can all be transported by using water as a solvent. Molecules such as starch
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mesophyll cells called palisade cells). How It Works: Carbon Dioxide + Water  Glucose + Oxygen 6CO2 + 6H2O  C6H12O6 + 6O2 - Water from the soil travels (by osmosis) through root hair cells to the xylem vessels then passes into the mesophyll cells (palisade) to the chloroplasts. - Carbon dioxide from air diffuses into leaves through stomata then it moves through air spaces to reach the mesophyll cells then to the chloroplasts. - Chlorophyll (inside
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