SBI3U1-04 Final Exam Study Notes Unit 1: Diversity of Living Things 1.1 Importance of Biodiversity Spotlight on Honeybees Very important‚ pollinate flowers allowing plants to reproduce Play vital role in food chain‚ if they die‚ all organisms that rely on them will die as well Dying because of pesticides‚ parasitic Varroa mite (infects beehives and sucks of bees’ blood)‚ the Israeli acute paralysis virus (immobilizes and kill bees) No genetic diversity = Less resistant to parasites
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Unique cases written by pediatric residents with a faculty member. Resident Rounds Diagnostic Evaluation in Children With Developmental Delay: A Cautionary Tale for Genetic Testing Clinical Pediatrics 51(12) 1208–1210 © The Author(s) 2012 Reprints and permission: sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav DOI: 10.1177/0009922812460916 http://cpj.sagepub.com Meghana Desale‚ BA1‚ Lila T. Worden‚ BS1‚ Julie S. Cohen‚ ScM2‚ Anna Maria Wilms Floet‚ MD1‚2‚ and Alexander Holliday Hoon‚ Jr
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organisms. 21. A pedigree is a chart of a family’s history with regard to a particular genetic trait. 22. Photosynthesis converts solar energy into the chemical energy of a carbohydrate. 23. Fertilization restores the diploid number of chromosomes in a cell that will develop into a new individual. 24. Meiosis increases the
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number and kinds of chromosomes as the parent cell. Cytokinesis is the process by which the cytoplasm divides‚ thus forming two distinct cells What are chromosomes‚ and what are they made of? How many chromosomes do human cells contain? What is chromatin made of? The diagram at right shows the relationship between DNA and chromosomes What is the difference between chromatin during Interphase and during Mitosis? Label the parts of the chromosome at right Chromosomes are structures in the
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LIVING THINGS * All living things come from other living things. * Ex: One single celled organism to another * DNA is copied & passed to offspring * The signature molecule of life * Ex: embryo- cells continually divide & develop EVOLUTION * Why do some organisms seem suited for their environment * Ex: Hummingbird- long beak for nectar in certain flowers * Ex: Cheetahs- take down faster prey * Adaptation- inherited characteristic that
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two of each chromosome‚ one from each parent. The chromosome number stays the same in mitosis where there are twenty-three chromosomes in each cell produced‚ totaling forty-six in humans. It is important to understand that this number varies with different species. The genetic makeup of mitotic cells is identical to those of the parent cells. This means that the DNA‚ which stands for deoxyribonucleic acid‚ is identical in every cell formed from mitosis. Crossing over of chromosomes cannot occur
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Down syndrome (Trisomy 21) Down syndrome is a genetic disorder that occurs when an individual has an extra chromosome 21 in them. Down syndrome can also be referred to as ‘Trisomy 21’. An English physician named John Landon Down first discovered Down syndrome back in 1862. This genetic disorder has been around since the 16th century and possibly even longer. The treatments for Down syndrome are not distinct as it depends on how severe the Down syndrome is. Down syndrome or Trisomy 21 was
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development‚ reproduction‚ energy processing‚ and regulation. DNA allows for the properties of life to be maintained and passed from generation to generation Eukaryotic chromosomes are made of chromatin. Chromatin is the complex of DNA and associated proteins that maintaining structure for gene activity and replication. Each single chromosome contains one very long DNA molecule that carries several hundred to a few thousand genes‚ the units that specify an organism’s inherited traits. Cell Cycle: Interphase
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inspecting the amount of genetic materials in fruits with different numbers of chromosomes. In the experiment‚ we mashed up a strawberry/kiwi fruit (See appendix 1 figure 2) added extraction butter and ethanol to extract the DNA. A chromosome is a long thread-like cluster of genes in the nucleus. DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)‚ a self-replicating material which is present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes. It is the carrier of genetic information. Genes‚ a unit of heredity
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What is Turner’s syndrome? • A genetic disorder which only affects and occurs in females • It is a result of only one X chromosome present in the gamete (monosomy X ) • T.S can also occur if one of the sex chromosomes is partly missing or rearranged • This missing chromosome is responsible for the developmental affects • There is an extremely small chance of the fetus actually surviving How is a person diagnosed? • A person can be diagnosed by taking a sample of blood‚ amniotic fluid or
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