of the cell and follows immediately after mitosis. During mitosis‚ replicated chromosomes within the cell are separated into two identical sets. Each of the two new nuclei has a full set of chromosomes containing a copy of all the genetic material for the organism. Mind that only eukaryotic cells go through this process; prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus so they undergo binary fission in order to replicate their chromosome. Interphase basically starts off the cell cycle. Stages in interphase are G1
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Sickle-Cell Disease Discovery: http://www.sicklecellanaemia.org/sickle-cell-disease/discovery-of-sickle-cell-disease James Herrick was a doctor in Chicago‚ USA‚ and wrote about his observations of a patient with severe anaemia. When blood samples were viewed under the microscope Herrick noted “peculiar elongated and sickle-shaped red blood corpuscles”. Symptoms: http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/sca/ Sickle cell anemia varies from person to person. Some people who have
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BIO 341 Homework #2 Questions: 1. A chromosome about to start mitosis is made of two sister chromatids. In what stage of the cell cycle were those sister chromatids made? When do they become visible and distinguishable by light microscopy? 2. For each of the events in mitotic phase‚ give the stage of mitotic phase in which it occurs The nuclear membrane breaks down during _______________________. Chromosomes have reached the equator of the cell during _______________________. The connection
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fission. Bacteria have one chromosome that’s attached to the cell membrane. The chromosome replicates and the two copies separate as the cell grows. Over a period of time this one cell makes two cells. Eukaryotes do the process of mitosis. In mitosis‚ each daughter cell gets about half of the cytoplasm from the mother cell and one copy of the DNA. Cells have to replicate the chromosomes so each daughter cell can have a set before cell division can occur. When the chromosomes have replicated and are
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The DNA extracted is then cultured to examine a picture of the chromosomes called a karyotype. A karyotype is a picture of a person’s chromosomes. In order to get this picture‚ the chromosomes are isolated‚ stained‚ and examined under the microscope. Most often‚ this process is done using the chromosomes in the white blood cells. A picture of the chromosomes is taken through the microscope. The visibility of an extra eighteenth chromosome confirms a Trisomy 18
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The cell is the basic unit of all life. All living things-- tigers‚ trees‚ elephants‚ and men-- are made up of cells. A cell is alive-- as alive as you are. It breathes‚ takes in food‚ and gets rid of waste. It grows and reproduces‚ or creates one of its own kind. (Garrod 36) Most cells reproduce by dividing‚ so that there are two cells where there once was one. (Akkas 78) Every living thing is made up of one or more cells‚ and each of these cells was produced by an already existing cell. New cells
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disappear‚ and the mitotic spindle begins to form. Also the duplicated chromosomes are identical sister chromatids that are connected at the centromeres. Prometaphase is where the nuclear envelope fragments. The chromosomes become more condensed‚ and some of the microtubules attach to the kinetochores. In metaphase is the longest stage that occurs in mitosis. The centrosomes are at opposite poles of the cell now. Also the chromosomes convene on a metaphase plate between the two poles. Anaphase is the
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Advanced Biology Final Exam / Fall 2011 Short Answer 1. Which of the following is a false statement regarding deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)? 2. Which of the following properties or processes do we associate with living things? 3. Which component is not directly involved in translation? 4. The anticodon of a particular tRNA molecule is 5. Which of the following types of mutation‚ resulting in an error in the mRNA just after the AUG start of translation‚ is likely to have the
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(2N) to haploid (1N) during meiosis I when pairs of homologous chromosomes split apart into different daughter cells. This haploid condition continues during meiosis II when sister chromatids split apart during the formation of four daughter cells. Score for incorrect answer: 0 General feedback 1 (May include media. Include graphic and file name): Remember that a diploid cell has pairs of chromosomes—each pair represents one chromosome that came from the organism’s male parent and another that came
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of crossing over. This lab also helps students understand the similarities along with differences between mitosis and meiosis. Hypothesis: I predict that interphase will be the longest phase because many events such as a cell growth and chromosome replication occur during interphase‚ which I believe‚ would be a long process. I also think that the frequency of crossing over is affected by the distance between genes. I believe that mitosis and meiosis have very clear differences such as in
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