Bus Topology http://compnetworking.about.com/od/networkdesign/a/topologies.htm http://fallsconnect.com/topology.htm Bus topology Bus topology refers to a single cable that connects all the workstations‚ servers‚ printers and other devices on the network. The cable runs from device to device by using tee connectors that plug into the network adapter cards. Each end device has a terminator on one end of the tee and a cable going out to the next device on the other end‚ while all devices in the
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The power needed to activate the microchip is generated only when it is scanned. When the reading device is sending microwaves to the tag‚ the antenna is receiving them and by induction the waves are transformed into power for the chip that reads the info saved on itself and the antenna sends the data back to the reader. The biggest benefit is the lack of power source in passive transponders that allows for smaller sizes and lower prices‚ which leads to their much
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CHAPTER-15 Question 15.1: * Answer (b) Answer: 10 MHz For beyond-the-horizon communication‚ it is necessary for the signal waves to travel a large distance. 10 KHz signals cannot be radiated efficiently because of the antenna size. The high energy signal waves (1GHz − 1000 GHz) penetrate the ionosphere. 10 MHz frequencies get reflected easily from the ionosphere. Hence‚ signal waves of such frequencies are suitable for beyond-the-horizon communication. Question 15.2: * Answer
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equal displacement of the particles composing a wave of vibration. Space wave: The component of a ground wave that travels directly through space from a transmitting antenna to a receiving antenna; one part of the space wave goes directly from one antenna to the other; another part is reflected off the earth between the antennas. Plane Polarised: a type of polarization in which the electric vector of waves of light or other electromagnetic radiation is restricted to vibration in a single plane
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requires the purchase or lease ofonly a small area of land. Because of their high operating frequencies‚ microwave radio systems can carry large quantities of information. High frequencies mean short wavelengths‚ which require relatively small antennas. Radio signals are more easily propagated around physical obstacles such as water and high mountains Fewer repeaters are necessary for amplification. Distances between switching centers are less. Underground facilities are minimized.
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DETAILED SYLLABI OF B.Tech DEGREE PROGRAMME IN ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING (Applicable from 2010 Admission onwards) DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY CALICUT 26 MA 1001: MATHEMATICS I L 3 T 1 P 0 C 3 Module 1 (12 hours) Preliminary Calculus : Partial differentiation‚ Total differential and total derivative‚ Exact differentials‚ Chain rule‚ Change of variables‚ Minima and Maxima of functions of
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estimate would be a doubled coverage area for every 9dB increased. The path loss also depends on the antenna gain of the transmitter‚ how far apart they are and if there are any obstacles. Other factors are the receiving antenna’s gain and the receiver’s sensitivity. MIMO Introduction When looking at radio applications‚ multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) is when multiple antennas are used at both the transmitter and receiver. This technology is useful in wireless applications because
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SVKM’s Narsee Monjee Mukesh Patel School Of Technology Management and Engineering‚ NMIMS A Report On RF Network Planning For GSM and CDMA By Kashish Parikh UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF Prof Ravindra Bhatt(Lecturer)‚ Parminder Singh Sodhi(Dept Gen Manager) and Vivek Porwal(Junior Manager) Reliance Communications (8th May 2010) SVKM’s Narsee Monjee Mukesh Patel School of Technology Management and Engineering‚ NMIMS Certificate This is to certify that Kashish Parikh
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RFiD Video attendance system Most educational institutions’ administrators are concerned about student irregular attendance. Truancies can affect student overall academic performance. The conventional method of taking attendance by calling names or signing on paper is very time consuming and insecure‚ hence inefficient. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) based attendance system is one of the solutions to address this problem. This system can be used to take attendance for student in school
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independent of what functions they perform. The first category has fixed antenna with centralized transmitters which produces patterns by reflector or passive array antennas. The beaming being fixed‚ scanning can only be achieved by physically moving the antenna. Typically a surveillance radar will produce a fan shaped beam with a fixed elevation illumination profile‚ the azimuth scanning being achieved by rotating the antenna. A tracking radar will have a pencil beam that is used to track targets
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