Methods of Brand Valuation The various methods of brand valuation can be placed into four categories: (1) cost-based approaches; (2) market-based approaches; (3) income-based approaches; and (4) formulary approaches incorporating future benefits or comparative advantages. Cost-based Approaches This method considers the costs involved in creating the brand through the stages of research and development of the product concept‚ market testing‚ continued promotion during commercialization
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A brand is a “name‚ term‚ design‚ symbol or any other feature that identifies one seller’s good or service as distinct from those of other sellers. Proper branding can result in higher sales of not only one product but on other products associated with that brand. Brand is the personality that identifies a product‚ service or company and how it relates to key customers‚ staffs‚ partners‚ investors etc. People engaged in branding seek to develop the expectations behind the brand experience
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Zara is classified as the shopping goods in the category of consumer products. Zara is an international clothing brand which is a part of the Inditex Group. Zara’s products mainly focus at the clothing and their products are bought for the final use. So‚ it is classified in the category of the consumer products. Zara is classified as the shopping goods because of their brand. Their brand had made the price of their product higher than other competitors seems like Padini. The price of their products
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Designing a Brand Hierarchy We all know the recession has drastically impacted consumer behaviors‚ but we may often overlook its direct impact on brands themselves. The recession has changed the way marketers manage their brand portfolios as they try to do more with less. As such‚ marketers are taking a closer look at how then can stretch existing brand equity across a greater number of products‚ often taking a parent brand/sub-brand approach. We generally see four different sub-brand approaches
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and add value to a brand. Building a strong brand takes time commitment and hard work. The identity of the brand‚ from the perspective of the consumers‚ is the foundation of a good brand-building program. Effective brand management that encompasses brand personality is of major importance in reaching the company goals of satisfaction‚ loyalty and profitability. Building a powerful brand requires determining the substantial characteristics of the offerings that carry the brand name and the psychological
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| Brand Personality | | | | Brand Personality Just like human beings‚ a brand soon assumes a personality. It is a set of characteristics associated with a brand. Drawing analogy with human personality‚ brand personality is unique‚ distinctive and enduring and provides the brand a differentiation from competitive offerings. It is built by the overall experience of the consumer with the brand ‚ which inturn is affected by the expected value from the brand. There are many forces that
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BRAND PERSONALITY - THE RELATIONSHIP BASIS MODEL Some people may never aspire to have the personality of a competent leader but would like to have a relationship with one‚ especially if they need a banker or a lawyer. A trustworthy‚ dependable‚ conservative personality might be boring but might nonetheless reflect characteristics valued in a financial advisor‚ a lawn service‚ or even a car – consider the Volvo brand personality. The concept of a relationship between a brand and a person (analogous
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Porters 5 Forces Model is a valuable tool in evaluating the condition of the Yum! Brands China Division and the fast-food industry that Yum Brands is actively dominating. While there is much competition in China in the food industry‚ it is undeniable that with the CEO’s guidance‚ Sam Su‚ the growth that they have accomplished over the years is exponential. This growth is due to the fact that Su looks at the bigger picture‚ imaging what he wants the company to be like in five to ten years‚ and making
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Beliefs of Brands Many universities students and high school students keep pursuing famous brands. From clothes to mobile phones‚ even study articles like electronic dictionaries and pens‚ they are inclined to buy famous as well. This phenomenon has aroused wide attention. One of reasons or the main reason is that brands provide us with beliefs‚ provide people good trust‚ and provide the good feeling. A brand indeed provides us with beliefs‚ usually a good brand gives people a good trust‚ and
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AN ANALYSIS OF BRAND SWITCHING BEHAVIOUR SUBMITTED BY ABSTRACT: A proposed integrative approach measured consumer response to various incentives to switch brands. The response measure consisted of both actual behavior (i.e.‚ switching behavior) and an evaluative measure‚ which underlies the behavior. Self-perception theory was utilized to assess consumer switching behavior in response to intrinsic versus extrinsic motives. The integrative approach
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