Etienne. 1968 [1988]. La bureaucratie celeste: recherches sur l’economie et la societe de la ´ ´ ´´ Chine traditionnelle. Presentation de Paul De´ mieville. Paris: Gallimard. ´ Brook‚ Timothy. 1998. The Confusions of Pleasure: Commerce and Culture in Ming China. Berkeley: University of California Press. Cipolla‚ Carlo M. 1966. Guns‚ Sails and Empires: Technological Innovation and the Early Phases of European Expansion‚ 1400 –1700. New York: Pantheon Books. Cipolla‚ Carlo M. 1967. Clocks and Culture
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ISP Chapter Chiu Yau Wai The Chinese possess the longest continuous cultural history of any of the peoples of the world (Sickman. L‚ 1968). In recent years‚ pushed by the huge economic growth in Asia‚ the fine art market rise sharply within Asia‚ especially China‚ changed the geographical structure of the global art market. The Chinese government set up some preferential policies to promote the fine art market because they see the great economic potential in this flied. In 2011‚ China has
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Before the examination system took place‚ officials were mostly selected from dignitaries‚ and people’s social status could hardly change in their future generations. Therefore‚ the establishment of the examination system is a historically meaningful improvement by offering lower-class intellectuals opportunities to change their fates through education. Besides‚ as there are more benefits the system brought on stage‚ drawbacks alongside underlay the history in the following respects. Government:
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Autqem Neter Sh. Nu Au Mu Samga History May 20‚ 2012 The Temple of Heaven The Temple of Heaven is located in the southern area of Beijing. Occupying an area of 273 hectares‚ it is three times the area of the Forbidden City. It was built in 1420 A.D.‚ for emperors to worship Heaven. The main buildings include the Altar or Hall of Prayer for Good Harvests‚ Imperial Vault of Heaven and Circular Mound Altar. In 1998‚ the Temple of Heaven was added to the UNESCO World Heritage List. Beginning
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VACATIONS OF HONG KONG PEOPLE Hong Kong people love spending their vacations in a different city or country and they love experiencing others cultures. In early years‚ Hong Kong people travelled around through travel agencies; nowadays‚ they plan the trip and schedule by themselves because they would like to have a more flexible and special vacation. They do not only choose the places which they have not been to‚ but sometimes they will re-visit the places that they like the most and have a relaxing
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Chinese diet through the implementation of more foreign traditions and cuisines. Scholars credit the Mongols for adding many types of cheese and yogurt to the Chinese diet. The Yuan Dynasty ended on 1368 which marked the beginning of the Ming Dynasty. The Ming Dynasty had a large impact on Chinese cuisine because during this era the Chinese became exposed to the Columbian Exchange. The Chinese began to purchase New World crops from the Spanish Empire such as corn‚
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The most important of these people is Zheng He‚ who was a Chinese Admiral. Zheng He was a devout Muslim born in Mongolia and grew up speaking both Arabic and Chinese. He was taken at a young age by the Chinese Ming Dynasty during an invasion‚was made a Eunuch‚ and served in the Imperial palace. Throughout his life‚ he traveled over 31‚000 miles‚ and helped to link Chinese and Arab Civilization. Through loyal service‚ he rose through the ranks of the Chinese
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The Christian Science Monitor January 29‚ 2003‚ Wednesday SECTION: USA; Pg. 03 HEADLINE: The Pinta‚ Santa Maria‚ and a Chinese junk? BYLINE: By Amanda Paulson Staff writer of The Christian Science Monitor A new book claims the Chinese discovered America in 1421‚ but historians refute thesis. To the Norsemen‚ the Japanese‚ and the Carthaginians; to the Irish‚ the Africans‚ and a long list of others who‚ it is claimed‚ crossed the oceans to America long before 1492‚ add one more: the Chinese
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The Eight Banner system has ties that can be noted and seen as far back as the Manchu clan system stage. During that time period‚ the Manchus would set out in what were called hunting activities of which they essentially were engaging in military operations that consisted of usually taking a family or village population and organized it as an organizational unit. During other times of military and agricultural crisis in China‚ it was the way of the Manchu to organize their people into short term
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Differed ways to consume tea resulted in different ways of using tea wares. Compared to the typical way of tea drinking in the late-Ming period‚ the process of tea-tasting in the Tang and Song dynasties were much more complicated. The complication implied that tea connoisseurs in the Ming era had drastically simplified the tea vessels they often used‚ as well as the whole procedure of tea tasting. The understandings of Tang-style tea drinking have been significantly transformed by the re-apparition
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