ABSTRACT The effect of co-factor (MgSO₄) and the nature of substrate on the rate of cellular respiration in yeast were determined using two different set-ups. In the first set-up‚ two test tubes were used where one contains 7m and the other with 7 mL 0.2M MgSO₄ and both containing 7mL 10% yeast suspension. Here‚ data shows that the H₂O mixture showed higher amount of CO₂ evolved than MgSO₄. In the second set-up‚ six Smith fermentation tubes were used each containing different 15mL solution (starch
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INTRODUCTION Microorganisms such as bacteria‚ fungus‚ mold‚ and yeast are present and common in almost every environment on earth. The normally microscopic organisms can easily be seen using differing types of agar‚ which creates an ideal environment for the organisms to form colonies‚ which are groups of hundreds of organisms that can be seen with the naked eye. In order to see individual microorganisms‚ it is necessary to use the magnification of a high-powered microscope. These techniques
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Periodontitis Dental plaque control is the most important aspect to preventing or reducing the symptoms of chronic periodontitis. There are two levels of care for plaque control‚ one being what an individual can for themselves in regard to plaque control and the other being what hygienists and dentists can do to eradicate plaque retention factors‚ and give advice to individuals on proper oral care at home. ("Dental Health Foundation"‚ 2017) Plaque is controlled by thorough teeth brushing‚ plaque removal aids
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Scope with a 12% of the market share. But the major competitor for Scope was Plax‚ a brand by Pfizer Inc‚ which was launched in Canada in 1988 on a platform quite different from the traditional mouthwashes. Plax detergents were supposed to help loosen plaque to make brushing effective. Before the entry of Plax‚ brands in the mouth wash market were positioned around two major benefits that are fresh breath and killing germs‚ whereas Plax was positioned around a
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Cervical Cancer is a type of cancer that is formed in the tissues of the cervix‚ which is located between the lower part of the uterus and the opening of the vagina. Cancers develop when cells in the body get excited and grow out of control. A few things like having too many sexual partners or leaving in birth control for too long can factor into the development of cervical cancer but the majority of cases are due to a sexually transmitted disease (STI). Even though all women can run the risk of
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Abstract Enzymes are affected by changes in pH. The most favorable pH value— the point where the enzyme is most active—is known as the optimum pH. This experiment was conducted to determine the effect of pH reaction rate on an enzyme‚ catalase‚ from yeast. The experimental results indicate that the catalase worked best at a neutral pH level of seven (7). Introduction An enzyme is a protein molecule that serves as a catalyst. “The basic function of an enzyme is to increase the rate of a reaction;
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this lab is to test the effects of different variables mixed with the reaction of hydrogen peroxide and yeast‚ yeast being the catalase. The variables that will be changed are temperature‚ pH‚ and concentration. Our class began a lab based around enzymes and how they react when different variables are changed‚ such as temperature‚ pH‚ and concentration of the yeast or hydrogen peroxide. The yeast acted as the enzyme‚ which produces catalase needed for our desired reaction with the hydrogen peroxide
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Atherosclerosis can affect the arteries of the heart and it’s called coronary artery disease. Coronary atherosclerosis is mainly characterized by build-up of plaques in artery wall ‚ which formed by lipids‚ cholesterol‚ macrophages ‚ and smooth muscle cells accumulation as intimate plaques in the large and medium-sized epicardial coronary arteries.(1‚2‚3) The development of atherosclerosis usually follows the endothelial dysfunction‚ which increase the permeability to and accumulation of oxidized
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Screening Cervical cytological screening is accomplished by the Papanicolaou (Pap) smear screening test. Since this test was introduced in the 1970s‚ deaths resulting from cervical cancer have decreased by 71%.12 With this test‚ the patient is placed in the lithotomy position‚ and the provider inserts a speculum into the vaginal opening until the cervix and cervical os are visible. Then‚ the provider takes a cytological sample from the transformation zone of the cervix using a collection brush and
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Treating starch How is starch and cellulose treated to allow them to be used by the yeast? (1)Starch is a complex carbohydrate that is insoluble in water. It is supplied by traditional staple foods such as cereals‚ roots and tubers. Starch is used in cooking for thickening foods such as sauce. In industry‚ it is used in the manufacturing of paper‚ textiles and as a mould in the manufacture of sweets such as wine gums and jelly beans. Fermentation (2)As with any food preparation‚ there are
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