Mechanics of Respiration Angelica D. Francisco‚ MD‚ MSc Edited to Word Format by: GASES KINETIC THEORY OF GASES o MOLECULES IN CONSTANT MOTION > TEMPERATURE > PRESSURE > VOLUME AVOGADRO’S LAW: V n CHARLES’ LAW: V=kT THE VOLUME OF A GAS IS PROPORTIONAL TO THE TEMPERATURE V = kT‚ P is constant IDEAL GAS EQUATION V = kn‚ T and P are constant EQUAL VOLUMES OF GASES‚ CONTAIN EQUAL NUMBER OF MOLECULES. PV= nRT P‚ PRESSURE V‚ VOLUME OF GAS n‚ NUMBER OF MOLECULES OF GAS R‚ GAS CONSTANT T‚ TEMPERATURE
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Gas exchange in animals External respiration: not to be confused with cellular respiration‚ although purpose is to provide oxygen and eliminate carbon dioxide Single-celled organisms achieve this by simple diffusion Larger organisms need specialized breathing organs Getting the air into the body is one challenge Circulatory system needed to distribute oxygen to the tissues Specialized blood cells can transport oxygen (solubility in plasma is very low) The process of breathing Air has much
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cannot be used as directly by cell as a source of energy so cells use ATP as their immediate source of energy. * This conversion of glucose into ATP takes place during cellular respiration and there are 2 different forms of cellular respiration depending upon whether oxygen is available or not * Aerobic respiration requires oxygen and produces CO2‚ water and lots of ATP. * Aerobic has 4 stages: 1) Glycolysis – the splitting of the 6-carbon glucose molecule into 2 3-carbon molecule
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Candidiasis Commonly known as the Yeast Infection Candidiasis is an infection caused by Candida fungi‚ especially Candida Albicans. These fungi are found almost everywhere in the environment. Some may live harmlessly along with the abundant "native" species of bacteria that normally grow the mouth‚ gastrointestinal tract and vagina. Usually‚ Candida is kept under control by the native bacteria and by the body’s immune defenses. If the native bacteria are decreased by antibiotics or if the person’s
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3A Task 1 Aim: the aim of the experiment is to find the best temperature to ferment yeast at. Hypothesis: the yeast will ferment the best at 60 degrees Celsius. Independent variable: the temperature of the water the yeast is put in to ferment. Dependent variable. The amount of air bubbles the yeast produces. Controlled variable: the amount of yeast and glucose in each syringe. Uncontrolled variables: human error in counting. Materials : Plastic soft drink bottle cut to size Marking pen
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Science Form 3 note SMART STUDY - GOOD LUCK Teacher zaidi@maher2010 Chapter 1: Respiration Respiration Human Breathing Mechanism Transport of oxygen Importance of a healthy respiratory system Respiratory system Diffusion of oxygen by blood Harmful substances lungs Transport of oxygen by blood Effects of pollutants inhalation Diffusion of oxygen into cell Respiratory diseases. Good habit to improve air quality. exhalation Human Respiratory
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3 Yeast Metabolism Metabolism refers to the biochemical assimilation (in anabolic pathways) and dissimilation (in catabolic pathways) of nutrients by a cell. Like in other organisms‚ in yeast these processes are mediated by enzymic reactions‚ and regulation of the underlying pathways have been studied in great detail in yeast. Anabolic pathways include reductive processes leading to the production of new cellular material‚ while catabolic pathways are oxidative processes which remove electrons
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product. This is different from respiration because respiration transforms chemical energy into energy usable by cells; in this case chemical energy is the source. Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplasts‚ using the chlorophyll inside of the chloroplasts‚ while respiration occurs in the mitochondria. Photosynthesis produces oxygen as a by-product‚ while aerobic respiration requires oxygen to even work. Photosynthesis produces NADPH2 in its workings‚ while aerobic respiration produces NADH+. Photosynthesis
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This scientific report will be based on cellular respiration‚ or fermentation. In specific‚ how the type of sugar affects the rate of fermentation. The aim of this experiment was to find which type of sugar was best suited to produce ethanol. In the experiment‚ four different sugars were used‚ they included sucrose‚ glucose‚ lactose and fructose. This research is still relevant today‚ as alcohol is still consumed and is required on a large scale. This makes it crucial to companies to find the best
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Cellular Respiration My hypothesis for the germinated pea experiment was that the level of aerobic respiration would increase as the temperature would increase. I also predicted that there would be an upper temperature limit. The experiment proved part of my hypothesis correct and part of it incorrect. I was correct in predicting that the rate would increase as the temperature increase‚ but I was incorrect in hypothesizing that there would be an upper limit. My hypothesis for the larvae experiment
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