is concentrated sulfuric acid but‚ sulfurtrioxide‚ chlorosulfonic acid‚ metallic sulfates‚ and sulfamic acid are also occasionally used. The name sulficants comes from these molecules moving to the surface of a liquid or to an interface between two liquids and changing the properties of the surface. However‚ the nature and properties of sulfuric acid‚ makes it desirable to use it for nucleophilic substitutions whenever possible. For each substance being suflinated‚ there is a critical concentration
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The Importance of Rewriting Storm Water Regulations Danielle Nielsen Goochland High School Abstract This paper observes the negative and harmful effects of water pollution and storm water runoff on the environment and the surrounding community. The most common form of water pollution is sediment runoff. It then goes on to explain the research and effectiveness of Best Management Practices (BMPs) and their positive effects. BMPs are conservation practices that can preserve or improve
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Name: Lee An Qi Class: 3H/7 Date: 2 June 2012 Urbanization is the process that leads to an increase in the number and proportion of people living in urban settlements such as cities or towns. It also refers to the increase in the size of land area occupied by urban settlements. To cope with urbanization within a drainage basin‚ urban development and deforestation are carried out‚ which affect flows to and within a river channel. Other factors like drainage density‚ climate‚ area of drainage
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Introduction The secret to a good bubble is something called surface tension‚ an invisible bond that holds water molecules together. Water is a polar molecule‚ so it has plus and minus ends just like magnets that attract each other. When the water molecules align with each other they stick together‚ creating surface tension. You might think that it is the surface tension of the water that holds the skin of a bubble together. Actually‚ the surface tension of water is too strong to make a bubble. You can
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short lag time‚ high peak discharge‚ and steep rising and falling limbs; a ’damped’ hydrograph is the opposite. Urban development is likely to make a river catchment more ’flashy’ and prone to flooding‚ because of rapid runoff from impermeable tarmac surfaces into streams. Hello MAtthew The shape of a hydrograph changes according to a number of controlling factors in the drainage basin. An example is the amount of VEGETATION / SOILS (INFILTRATION CAPACITY) LEVEL OF URBANISATION LAND USE GRADIENT
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government such as control of inflation‚ investment as well as employment. Interest rates refer to the price paid by deficit agents for borrowing funds from the surplus agents. A line that plots interest rate at a set point in time is the term structure or yield curve. Interest rates which may be short term or long term are linked to a government’s macro-economic policy and future expectations of such a policy .The UK government uses Treasury bill and bond prices to implement its monetary policy. Bills‚ which
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NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE GRADE 12 MATHEMATICAL LITERACY P1 NOVEMBER 2011 MARKS: 150 TIME: 3 hours This question paper consists of 15 pages and 1 annexure. Copyright reserved Please turn over Mathematical Literacy/P1 2 NSC DBE/November 2011 INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 1. 2. This question paper consists of SIX questions. Answer ALL the questions. Answer QUESTION 6.1.3 and QUESTION 6.1.4 on the attached ANNEXURE. Write your centre number and examination number in the
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Besides‚ because zero-coupon bond is riskless‚ the bondholders are willing to hold it for long-term investment in order to diversity the portfolio. So it is important in the fixed income security market. If a bond trades at a discount‚ its yield to maturity will exceed its coupon rate. Zero coupon bonds always sells at a discount. The sensitivity of a bond’s price to changes in interest rates is measured by the bond’s duration. A bond with high durations，its price is highly sensitive to interest
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ijokl Interest Rates and Required Returns As noted in Chapter 2‚ financial institutions and markets create the mechanism through which funds flow between savers (funds suppliers) and borrowers (funds demanders). All else being equal‚ savers would like to earn as much interest as possible‚ and borrowers would like to pay as little as possible. The interest rate prevailing in the market at any given time reflects the equilibrium between savers and borrowers. INTEREST RATE FUNDAMENTALS The
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2.23 Nitrate-Nitrogen and Nitrite-Nitrogen in Drinking Water Nitrate may be naturally occurring‚ although its presence in drinking water is more often associated with contamination by excessive use of fertilizers (both inorganic and organic)‚ in addition to inappropriate farming practices and sewage. The high nitrate level in drinking water is also associated with the simultaneous presence of bacterial contamination (World Health Organisation‚ 1996). The primary health hazard from drinking water
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