to stimuli‚ and plasma membranes. One significant difference is that prokaryotes are without a cell nucleus and eukaryotes are cells with a membrane bound nucleus Prokaryotic falls in two taxa characteristic of organism: domain archaea and domain bacteria; however prokaryotic itself is not a taxon. Prokaryotes does not have a membrane surrounding its genetic material (DNA) they make proteins simultaneously to read their genetic code. Eukaryotes have a membrane called a nuclear envelope surrounding
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overused by doctors‚ both in outpatient and inpatient settings‚ and self-medication is common‚ especially in developing countries.” (Vento‚ 2010) Studies have shown that bacteria and viruses are becoming more and more drug and antibiotic resistant. The widespread use of antibiotics has consequently caused a widespread evolution of bacteria and viruses. As a result‚ new antibiotics are required to fight the now stronger and more dangerous versions of the same illnesses that‚ at one point‚ could have been
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he noticed that around the bacteria he was studying there was a mold around the bacteria‚ and around the bacteria there was a ring. That ring was bacteria free‚ and the mold was a rare spore called Penicillium notatum. Does that name ring a bell? To begin‚ The discovery of penicillin was sheer luck! Alexander Florey actually re-discovered at a St. Mary’s hospital in London‚ 1928. When testing it he noticed that penicillin was killing a number of disease-causing bacteria. On Page 123 it states‚ “He
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REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE This investigatory project aims to make use of rambutan peeling extracts that is high in phenolic compounds such as tannin and saponin that exhibits antioxidant activity and antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria. Although the seeds contain such compounds the peeling exhibit greater amount of the said compounds. Rambutan is a very popular fruit cultivated in the Philippines and it is eaten in large amounts. The rambutans rind is quickly discarded and thrown
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to day is the term used to refer to antibacterial which are only indicated for the treatment of bacterial infections‚ there is more than 15 classes of drugs that differ in chemical structure and activity against bacteria. A certain antibiotics may be effective against one or various bacteria. These drugs should not be used and are not effective against viruses‚ which are the main agents of community infections (colds‚ flu). It is however necessary antibiotics in the case of bacterial infections
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several test to determine what our unknown bacteria was. To determine this we recorded the results of how the bacteria reacted to different media. Depending on the results of each test we could narrow down the different bacteria to determine what our unknown is. This experiment will also determine if our bacteria is a fermenter of sugars and if it is catalase positive. If the bacteria is a fermenter they will use the sugars to make ATP. If the bacteria is a fermenter of lactose/sucrose the EMB
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introduced to another living organism‚ like a human. Figuring out the type of bacteria could help with further experiments. The idea of the unknown bacteria lab is to show
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contaminated by bacteria. Bacteria can be difficult to sample and analyze‚ for many reasons. Natural bacteria levels in streams can vary significantly; bacteria conditions are strongly correlated with rainfall‚ and thus comparing wet and dry weather bacteria data can be a problem; many analytical methods have a low level of precision yet can be quite complex; and absolutely sterile conditions are required to collect and handle samples. The primary equipment decision to make when sampling for bacteria is what
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violet‚ basic fuchsin‚ or methylene blue. Simple dyes used to stain bacteria have a positive charge cationic (+)‚ therefore‚ they are attracted to the bacteria that are usually negatively charged anionic (-) Depends on the fact that bacteria differ chemically from their surroundings and thus can be stained with their environments Simple stains are used to provide contrast between specimen and background Differential Staining Bacteria react differently to the multiple reagents that are used i.e. Gram
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works as a therapeutic agent by destroys bacteria (bacteriocidal): it inhibits cell wall biosynthesis (by disrupting the normal balance between cell wall biosynthesis and degradation)‚ specifically binding to and inactivating enzymes that function to form the cross-linkages of peptidoglycan strands in bacterial cell walls (weakening said cell walls). Since cell wall expansion also requires the action of enzymes that degrade cell walls‚ exposure of growing bacteria to penicillin results in their lysis
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