Business Cycles Business Cycles ► The value of real GDP over time shows periodic fluctuations in its movement ► The business cycle refers to the periodic fluctuations of economic activity about its long term growth trend ► The Business cycle is the more or less regular pattern of expansion (recovery) and contraction (recession) in economic activity around the path of trend growth. At cyclical peak‚ economic activity is high relative to trend At a cyclical trough‚ the low
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The term "macro" denotes "large"; thus macrosociology refers to the study of large-scale social phenomena. This covers a very broad range of topics that includes groups and collectivities of varying sizes‚ the major organizations and institutions of one or more societies‚ cross-sectional or historical studies of a single society‚ and both comparative and historical analyses of multiple societies. At the grandest level it may cover all human society and history. Sociologists distinguish macrosociology
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CHAPTER 1 THE COMMERCIAL ENVIRONMENT INTRODUCTION The commercial environment is the “arena” in which purchasing and supply professionals and many others in business operate. This environment is essentially live and developing all the time and it includes many factors beyond the organisation’s day-to-day control. This ever-changing business environment puts all organisations under pressure to conform‚ adapt‚ innovate‚ or suffer the consequences of any inaction. Continuous appraisal of the
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ECS1501 MICROECONOMICS AND MACROECONOMICS – |MICROECONOMICS |MACROECONOMICS | |The price of a single product |The consumer price index | |Changes in the price of a single product |Inflation | |The production of a product
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Business environment encompasses all those factors that affect a company’s operations‚ and includes customers‚ competitors‚ stakeholders‚ suppliers‚ industry trends‚ regulations‚ other government activities‚ social and economic factors and technological developments. Social or Societary environment of business means all factors which affects business socially . Every business works in a society ‚ so societies ’ different factors like family ‚ educational institutions and religion affects business
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Introduction Business environment is an element that will affect all the activities of an organization. Besides‚ it will bring firms both opportunities and threats because of its uncertainties. Business environment is uncertain‚ complex & dynamics; organization should apply more flexibility & discontinuity ways to manage them. A firm cannot control the environment because it is unpredictable in its direction and speed of change‚ such as interest rates‚ rate of inflation and exchange rate. Business
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SECTION C The business environment 273 03-BusinessforCSEC-SectionC-cpp.indd 273 09/02/2011 11:46 Chapter 8 THE ROLE OF GOVERNMENT IN AN ECONOMY omy In this chapter we discuss responsibilities of government‚ including environmental protection‚ zoning and conservation‚ and external (international) boundaries. We also look at laws to protect consumers‚ consumer organizations and standards. We consider the ways in which governments interact with business activity in the private and
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services 540 Net property income from abroad 10 Taxes on expenditure 300 Subsidies on production units 40 Capital consumption 220 2. The gross national product at market prices is A. $1 880 billion. B. $1 920 billion. C. $2 140 billion. D. $2 400 billion. (91-11) 3. The difference between national income at market prices and national income at factor cost is A. $220 billion. B. $260 billion. C. $300 billion. D. $340 billion. (91 -12) 1 2008-AL-ECON-II Past Questions on Macroeconomics
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Name: | Unit 1: Business Environment | Lecturer: | Date Issued: | Completion Date: | Fail Pass Merit Distinction P1 | P2 | P3 | P4 | P5 | P6 | P7 | P8 | P9 | P10 | P11 | P12 | P13 | P14 | P15 | P16 | M1 | M2 | M3 | D1 | D2 | D3 | | Learning Outcomes:On successful completion of this unit a learner will:1. Understand the organizational purposes of businesses2. Understand the nature of the national environment in which businesses operate3
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Concepts and Measurement Different concepts of NI - (i) Items included in or excluded from the NI concept; (ii) Method of estimating NI Gross Domestic Product (GDP) – The sum of market value of all final goods and services produced in a country during a specified period of time‚ generally one year. Also called GDP at market prices (GDPMP) GDP at factor cost (GDPFC) is the sum of all factor payments (wages‚ interest‚ rent‚ profits and depreciation) GDPFC= GDPMP – Net indirect taxes
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