Viroids are plant pathogens that consist of a short stretch (a few hundred nucleobases) of highly complementary‚ circular‚ single-stranded RNA without the protein coat that is typical for viruses.[1] The smallest discovered is a 220 nucleobase scRNA (small cytoplasmic RNA) associated with the rice yellow mottle sobemovirus (RYMV).[2] In comparison‚ the genome of the smallest known viruses capable of causing an infection by themselves are around 2kilobases in size. The human pathogen hepatitis D is
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Problem Set 1 Solutions: Chapters 1 1 Cell sizes: E. coli is a cylindrical bacteria with 1 M wide and 2 M long. Liver cells are approximately spherical with a diameter of 20 M. Plant palisade cells are cylinders 20 M wide and 35 M long. A) Calculate the volumes of each cells? A) Since E.Coli is cylindrical Volume of a cylinder = r2h‚ where r is half of bacterial width/diameter = 1M/2 = 0.5M and h is the length of the bacteria
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Source: Science‚ New Series‚ Vol. 232‚ No. 4756‚ (Jun. 13‚ 1986)‚ pp. 1385-1389 Published by: American Association for the Advancement of Science Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1697720 Accessed: 15/07/2008 17:22 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR’s Terms and Conditions of Use‚ available at http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp. JSTOR’s Terms and Conditions of Use provides‚ in part‚ that unless you have obtained prior permission‚ you may not download
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Over my Thanksgiving break I read the book called‚ “I will plant you a lilac tree.” This book is about a teenage girl named Hannelore. Hannelore didn’t live with her parents or other siblings. Her mother sent her a letter in the mail stating‚ "Yesterday the postman brought a letter and a small box postmarked "Buchenwald." The letter said the following: "Martin Wolff died of unknown causes on March 14‚ 1942. Urn contains his ashes." Hannelore‚ your papa is dead." Hannelore was extremely upset that
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Case 10: Plant Nutrients Inc. Plant Nutrients Inc. (PNI) is a medium-size retailer of crop supplies in Lancaster‚ Pennsylvania. Brian Dunwoodie‚ the general manager‚ is preparing a proposed operating statement for 1999‚ to send to management at PNI’s parent company. This statement must reflect an increase in volume of two percent while maintaining the required 13 percent return on investment in the business. He is considering a number of ways of improving performance including: achieving better
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Charcoal is considerably neutral‚ and the natural wood types are perfect in their ability to amend nearly any type of soil. Today‚ you may here the term bio-char‚ and this refers to the larger quantities of organic charcoal being produced for use on organic farms and the like. Charcoal is clean‚ chemical free in most cases‚ clean to produce when processed properly‚ and offers an outstanding result without the potentially harmful chemicals and additives so often thrown in to expensive commercial fertilizers
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ABSTRACT V SAMMANFATTNING VI ACKNOWLEDGEMENT VII ORGANIZATION OF THE REPORT VIII 1 INTRODUCTION 1 2 BACKGROUND 3 2.1 2.2 Facilities in a Thermal Power Plant 3 Thermal Power Plant Operation 4 2.2.1 Fuel and Combustion 4 2.2.2 Rankine Cycle 4 Thermal Power Plant Control 6 2.3.1 Turbine Governor 7 Amagerværket Block 1 7 Frequency Control 9 2.5.1 Frequency Control in the ENTSO-E RG Continental Europe Power System 9 2.5.2 Frequency Control in
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Antimicrobial Properties of Plants A plant with antimicrobial properties means that it destroys or inhibits the growth of bacteria and fungi. Aim: our aim was to see weather or not garlic‚ mint and grass contained antimicrobial properties and if they did how effective they were we were trying to see weather the bacteria will grow around the different plants. Control Test: As a control test what we did was‚ we dipped a paper disc into the alcohol solution we used to dissolve the plants; the reason we
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State’s land mass‚ it has 25% of its endangered species. The Hawaiian islands have more endangered species than anywhere else in the world. Currently‚ there are ninety-seven extinct native Hawaiian plants. This paper will cover the history‚ effects‚ and the solutions to protecting native Hawaiian plants. It all started in the 19th century‚ when white settlers came to the Hawaiian Islands. When they arrived‚ and brought goods to the islands‚ they also brought many pests. According to the article
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The Case of the Plant Relocation By Karen Musalo Production costs are rising. Your company can make more money for shareholders by relocating your plants to a country with lower labour costs and fewer regulations. You are the chief executive of Electrocorp‚ an electronics company‚ which makes the onboard computer components for automobiles. In your production plants‚ complex hydrocarbon solvents are used to clean the chips and other parts that go into the computer components. Some of the solvents
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