Experiment 5B: Ketone Reduction Objective: Using sodium borohydride as a reducing agent‚ the ketone 4-tert-butylcyclohexane is reduced to its corresponding alcohol. It is purified through extraction techniques to give the cis and trans diasteromer products. Procedure: The procedure was followed as outlined in Mayo’s book for Experiment 5B with the following modifications: 1. Reagents and Equipment – The reaction will be on a scale of 2X what is described in the text. 2. Reagents and Equipment
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Sodium is an electrolyte that controls the fluids in the body’s tissues and cells. It is also responsible for regulating blood pressure and volume‚ helping transmit impulses‚ and regulating the balance of blood and body fluids. I believe it is important to monitor your sodium intake in order to stay in good health. Kidneys are the most common concern when too much sodium is being taken in because it can lead to damage to the heart. When there is an excessive amount‚ the kidneys are unable to
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Standardization of hydrochloric acid by sodium carbonate Concentrated hydrochloric acid is roughly 11 M. Pour out into a measuring cylinder about 2 cm3 of concentrated hydrochloric acid. Transfer it to a 250 cm3 flask and make up to the mark with water. Shake well. Put some pure sodium hydrogen carbonate or anhydrous sodium carbonate into an evaporating dish and heat gently over a low flame for about fifteen minutes‚ stirring continuously. Take care not to heat the mass too strongly or fusion
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Mass‚ and Density Table of Contents 1 – Introduction ……………………………………………........…. Page 3 2 – Theory ………………………………………………………...... Page 3 3 – Experimental Procedure and Results …...………………..…. Page 6 4 – Discussion ………………….……………………….....….…… Page 9 5 – Conclusion ………………………………………….....…….... Page 9 6 – Bibliography …………………………………………......… Page 10 1- Introduction The purpose of this experiment is to learn how use a variety of tools that will aid in the gathering of data. This data is then
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Length‚ Mass Volume and Density Introduction: All science is concerned with measurement. "MEASUREMENT" is the determination of the size or magnitude of something "Or" The comparison of unknown quantity with some standard quantity of the same rates is known as measurement. Due to this fact we have standards of measurement. Since the precision of all measuring instruments is limited‚ the number of digits that can be assumed as known for any measurement is also limited. When making a measurement‚
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Lecture 4 Density of States and Fermi Energy Concepts Reading: (Cont’d) Notes and Anderson2 sections 2.8-2.13 Georgia Tech ECE 3080 - Dr. Alan Doolittle How do electrons and holes populate the bands? Density of States Concept In lower level courses‚ we state that “Quantum Mechanics” tells us that the number of available states in a cubic cm per unit of energy‚ the density of states‚ is given by: * * mn 2mn ( E Ec ) gc (E) ‚ E Ec 2 3 gv (E) m * 2 m * ( Ev E )
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Do Animals Have Any Rights? Should They Be Used For Research? April 18‚ 2013 Do Animals Have Any Rights? Should They Be Used For Research? If you walked in a childrens hospital and seen kids sick and on the verge of dying‚ will you kill ten rats to save those children? is it animal research or animal cruelty? There are over a million animals who die each year such as rats‚ monkeys‚ rabbits and so far because of experimentation‚ and for fashion but there are millions of
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Megan Entwistle‚ Maria Amos‚ and Paul Golubic CHEM 0330 Organic Lab 1 Sodium Borohydride Reduction: Diphenylmethanol from Benzophenone 11/16/11 Introduction Redox (shorthand for REDuction-OXidation) reactions are chemical reactions in which the oxidation state (or oxidation number) of atoms has changed. Oxidation can be observed through the loss of electrons or an increase in oxidation state by an atom‚ ion or molecule. Reduction describes the gain of electrons or decrease in oxidation state
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compound. We accomplished this goal by creating five reactions containing Sodium Sulfate that would confirm our compound and show its chemical properties. In each reaction‚ we replaced the presence of Sodium Sulfate with our unknown. Our first reaction was the reaction from the sulfate anion test between Sodium Sulfate and Barium Chloride. If the compound was in fact Sodium Sulfate it would produce a white precipitate and it did. The second reaction was first between Sodium Sulfate and Hydrochloric
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Expirement 1 Fluid Properties: Density and Surface Tension Table of Contents: OBJECTIVE 1 THEORY 2-3 PROCEDURE 4-6 RESULTS 7-8 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION 9 APPENDIX 10 OBJECT: The object of this experiment was to determine the density of a fluid by performing three different methods and use that determined density to calculate the surface tension of the fluid. THEORY: The density of any substance is defined as the mass per unit volume and is denoted by ρ. ρ = m / V (1) m is the mass
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