Free exchange Savers’ lament The complex effects of low interest rates on consumption and investment Dec 1st 2012 | from The Economist print edition WHEN interest rates hit double digits in the late 1970s‚ house-builders sent planks of wood to the Federal Reserve in protest. With rates stuck near zero‚ the protests now come from the opposite direction. The retired complain of a “war on savings”. The Fed cut rates to current levels at the end of 2008 and has promised to keep them there until
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for the primary data the questionnaire was used to solicit responses from the respondents. In conclusion economic recession‚ governmental policy‚ employment of expatriates and trade union wage demand increase the rate of unemployment. The study emphasis that planning for human resources use in Nigeria has been based on guesswork and needs reevaluation. Keywords: Unemployment‚ Human resource planning‚ Graduates‚ Economy. 142 British Journal of Arts and Social Sciences ISSN: 2046-9578 Introduction
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No More Pesky Learning Rates Tom Schaul Sixin Zhang Yann LeCun Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences New York University 715 Broadway‚ New York‚ NY 10003‚ USA schaul@cims.nyu.edu zsx@cims.nyu.edu yann@cims.nyu.edu arXiv:1206.1106v2 [stat.ML] 18 Feb 2013 Abstract The performance of stochastic gradient descent (SGD) depends critically on how learning rates are tuned and decreased over time. We propose a method to automatically adjust multiple learning rates so as to minimize the expected
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What factors might contribute to a low or high growth rates in a country? There are three categories of factors that contribute to a low or high growth rates. These categories are the demand factor‚ the efficiency factor‚ and supply factors. Government spending or exports can lead to a higher to aggregate demand and higher economic growth. “Economic growth requires increases in total spending to realize the output gain made available by increased production capacity” (McConnell‚ 2012‚ p. 513)
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5.0 Contents 8 5.1 Factor That Effect Exchange Rates in Long Run 8 5.2 Exchange rates in short run (A supply and demand Analysis) 10 5.3 Factor that determinant exchange rate 11 5.3.1 Shift the demand for domestic assets 11 5.4 Other Factors that effects exchange rates and its volatility 12 5.4.1 International financial crises 12 5.4.2 Speculators effect 12 5.4.3 Central bank intervention policy 13 5.2 The effects of exchange rate and volatility 14 5.2.1 International trade‚ export
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RATE OF REACTIONS. The reaction rate (rate of reaction) or speed of reaction for a reactant or product in a particular reaction is intuitively defined as how fast or slow a reaction takes place. For example‚ the oxidative rusting of iron under the atmosphere is a slow reaction that can take many years‚ but the combustion of cellulose in a fire is a reaction that takes place in fractions of a second (right). Chemical kinetics is the part of physical chemistry that studies reaction rates. The concepts
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Spot Rate and Forward Rate Spot Rate: It is nothing more than the YTM on bond. It is the rate of interest on bond maturing at any time in the future. It is also known as geometric average of 1 year forward rates in the future. Hence‚ YTM on bonds can be calculated as: When forward rates are given then; oS1 = oF1 oS2 = [(1+of1)(1+1F2)](1/2) -1 oS3 = [(1+of1)(1+1F2)(1+2F3)](1/3) -1 and so on. Forward Rates: It is the interest rate established today ‚ that will be paid on money to
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Effects of Raising Interest Rates If a central bank increases the base rate‚ this tends to increase all major interest rates in the economy. This means interest rates for both savers and borrowers will increase. Higher interest rates will have various economic effects: 1. Increases the cost of borrowing. Interest payments on credit cards and loans will be more expensive. Therefore this discourages people from borrowing and saving. People who already have loans will have less disposable income
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Mortality rate is a measure of the number of deaths (in general‚ or due to a specific cause) in a population‚ scaled to the size of that population‚ per unit of time. Mortality rate is typically expressed in units of deaths per 1000 individuals per year; thus‚ a mortality rate of 9.5 (out of 1000) in a population of 1‚000 would mean 9.5 deaths per year in that entire population‚ or 0.95% out of the total. It is distinct from morbidity rate‚ which refers to the number of individuals in poor health
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Resting metabolic rate can vary with age independently from body mass changes in the Colorado potato beetle‚ Leptinotarsa decemlineata. Abstract A study was done by Saija Pironine‚ leena Lindstrom‚ and Anne Lyytinen in the Journal of Insect Physiology‚ to investigate the age dependence of resting metabolic rate in Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsadecemlineata) from adult emergence until age 10 days. In their hypothesis they expected to see a bell shaped pattern in metabolic rate with adult age
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