Chemistry 11 Final Examination Review - Answers Part A - True or False. Indicate whether each of the following statements is true or false. Correct the false statements. F 1. The mass of an electron is equal to the mass of a proton. The mass of an electron is less than the mass of a proton. T 2. The mass of a proton is approximately equal to the mass of a neutron. T 3. The atomic number represents the number of protons in a nucleus. T 4. The proton has a mass of approximately
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color and a solid precipitate. 3. Na2CO3(aq)+ HCl(aq) → NaCl(aq) + HCO3(aq) Na2CO3 + 2HCl → 2NaCl + H2O + CO2(aq) 2Na+ + CO32- + 2H+ + 2Cl- → 2Na+ + 2Cl- + H2O + CO2 CO32- + 2H+ → H2O(l) + CO2(g) With this reaction the carbonate and the diatomic hydrogen combined together to make the bubbling effect that we had noted. This leaves us with the water molecule with the sodium chloride dissolved in it with the carbon dioxide gas bubbles. 4. NaOH(aq) + HCl(aq) → NaCl(aq) + H2O(l) Na+ + OH- + H+ + Cl-
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IGCSE PRE-AICE CHEMISTRY 0620 OFFICIAL STUDY GUIDE Notes: To avoid any confusion concerning the symbol for litre‚ dm3 will be used in place of l or litre.Valence electrons are known as valency electrons for this test. Nature of Matter The states of matter are solid‚ liquid‚ and gas‚ in respective order of kinetic energy. State of Matter | Definite Volume | Definite Shape | Solid | Yes | Yes | Liquid | Yes | No | Gas | No | No | Diffusion:
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A miser is ever in want. --Greek proverb Preparing to experiment You will be provided with the following materials: Redox Reactions Reactions involving oxidation and reduction processes are very important in our everyday world. They make batteries work and cause metals to corrode (or help to prevent their corrosion). They enable us to obtain heat by burning fuels--in factories and in our bodies. Many redox reactions are complex. However‚ combustion and synthesis (from elements) are
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SPM CHEMISTRY REVISION MODULE FOR THE MASTERY OF THE BASICS IN SPM CHEMISTRY Panel : 1. 2. 3. 4. June Ling S J Chen Soo Chien Felix Ngui Jong Kah Yin SMK St Joseph‚ Kuching Kolej DPAH Abdilah‚ Kuching SMK Tabuan Jaya‚ Kuching SM Sains Kuching REVISION MODULE FOR THE MASTERY OF THE BASICS IN SPM CHEMISTRY Page Compiled and edited by : Jong Kah Yin 1 SPM CHEMISTRY INDEX CONTENT 1 REVISION CHECK-LIST Form 4 Form 5 2 WRITING EQUATIONS 2.1 Charges of ions 2.2 Formulae of compounds
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Experiment 1: Calorimetry INTRODUCTION In the calibration of the calorimeter‚ the net ionic equation used is H+(aq) + OH-(aq) H2O(l). The reaction released heat and is said to be exothermic. HCl is the limiting reactant of the reaction and o.oo5 moles of it was used. The heat generated by the reaction is 55.8 kJ. The sign of T of the reaction used for calibration is opposite to that of H. In the determination of heats of reaction‚ the reaction of 15 mL 1 M CuSO4 + 0.05 g Zn produced a
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prevent fungal growth. A. Test for Alkaloids a. Preliminary Alkaloid Test Take an equivalent of 2ml of plant sample. Evaporate to a syrupy consistency. Add 5ml of 2M HCL to the extract‚ stir while heating for 5 minutes and then cool. Add about 0.5g powdered NaCl while heating for 2 minutes. Cool and filter the mixture. Add enough fresh 2M HCl to wash the residue and then bring the volume of the filtrate to 5ml. Place 1ml each of the filtrate to 2 test tubes as follows: 1. To 1ml of the filtrate‚ add
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acid and a few drops of conc. sulphuric acid. Pour into water. | (i) Litmus turns red and a white precipitate with silver nitrate(aq) (drop on end of glass rod)‚ if the mixture is poured into water you may detect a ’pleasant’ ester odour‚ can test for HCl but water and amines produce it too!(ii) as for (1) but no ester smell!(iii) You should get a ’pleasant’ characteristic smell of an ester. | (i) R-OH + CH3COCl ==> CH3COOR + HClAn ester and hydrogen chloride are formed(ii) R-OH + PCl5 ==> R-Cl + POCl3 + HCla
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Substitution Reaction A substitution or single displacement reaction is characterized by one element being displaced from a compound by another element. A + BC ? AC + B An example of a substitution reaction occurs when zinc combines with hydrochloric acid. The zinc replaces the hydrogen: Zn + 2 HCl ? ZnCl2 + H2 Metathesis or Double Displacement Reaction In a double displacement or metathesis reaction two compounds exchange bonds or ions in order to form different compounds. AB + CD ? AD + CB An example
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change | Presence of NO3-‚ NO2-Presence of nitrates of lead and bariumPresence of Zn2+Presence of NH4+Absence of nitrate‚ nitrite‚ zinc and ammonium ions | 3 | Solubility: a) In water b) In dil. HCl | SolubleSoluble in dil. HCl but insoluble in water | Water soluble saltsPresence of CO32- | 4 | Flame test:A paste of the salt was made with few drops of con. HCl and was introduced into the non-luminous flame. | (i)Brick red colour is imparted to the flame(ii) Crimson red(iii) Apple green(iv)
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