change | Presence of NO3-‚ NO2-Presence of nitrates of lead and bariumPresence of Zn2+Presence of NH4+Absence of nitrate‚ nitrite‚ zinc and ammonium ions | 3 | Solubility: a) In water b) In dil. HCl | SolubleSoluble in dil. HCl but insoluble in water | Water soluble saltsPresence of CO32- | 4 | Flame test:A paste of the salt was made with few drops of con. HCl and was introduced into the non-luminous flame. | (i)Brick red colour is imparted to the flame(ii) Crimson red(iii) Apple green(iv)
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To identify the species being oxidized and reduced in oxidation-reduction reactions and determine which species is the oxidizing agent and the reducing agent. Chemical equations represent what occurs in a chemical reaction. For example‚ the equation HCl (aq) + NaOH (aq) → NaCl (aq) + H2O (l) describes an acid-base reaction‚ a type of exchange reaction in which the driving force is the formation of water. In an exchange reaction‚ the
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of the five most commonly consumed food vehicles as reported by the National Food Consumption Survey. The National Food Consumption Survey reported that for South African children as a whole‚ the average dietary intake of energy‚ calcium‚ iron‚ zinc‚ selenium‚ vitamin A‚ vitamin D‚ vitamin C‚ vitamin E‚ riboflavin‚ niacin‚ and vitamin B6 was less than 67% of the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA)‚ and in many cases below 50% of the Recommended Dietary
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Na Sodium Intense yellow P Phosphorus Pale bluish green Pb Lead Blue Rb Rubidium Red to purple-red Sb Antimony Pale green Se Selenium Azure blue Sr Strontium Crimson Te Tellurium Pale green Tl Thallium Pure green Zn Zinc Bluish green to whitish green Sources of error for the flame test: The test cannot detect low concentrations of most ions. The brightness of the signal varies from one sample to another. For example‚ the yellow emission from sodium is much brighter
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properties of three common compounds‚ CO2‚ H2‚ O2. Materials: Zinc Hydrochloric acid Hydrogen peroxide Manganese dioxide Calcium Carbonate (marble chips) Safety:The Hydrochloric acid used in this experiment could cause blindness upon contact with the eyes. Wear your goggles and handle it with care. Procedure: I. Place approximately 0.5 g of Zn metal in a test tube. Add about 5 ml of HCl. Place a second test tube upside down on top of the test tube with
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Chemical # 2 (4 Drops) Observations Chemical Change (Y/N) A1 NaHCO3 SodiumBicarbonate HCl Hydrochloric Acid Bubbles yes A2 NaOCl Sodium-Hypochlrite Kl Potassium Iodide Observation 1: None Add 2 drops of solution Observation 2: Solution turned blue Yes A3 Kl Potassium Iodide Pb(NO3)2 Lead Nitrate Turned Yellow Yes A4 NaOH Sodium Hydroxide C20H14O4 Phenolphthalein Turned pinkish red (magenta) Yes A5 HCl Sodium Hydroxide C20 H14 O4 Phenolphthalein Turned Cloudy Yes A6 NaOH Sodium Hydroxide AhNO3
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Chemical Reactions. Well Chemical #1 (4 drops) Chemical #2 (4 drops) Observations: Chemical Change (Y/N) A1 NaHCO3 Sodium Bicarbonate HCl Hydrochloric Acid A2 NaOCl Sodium Hypochlorite KI Potassium Iodide Observation 1: + Add 2 drops of starch Observation 2: A3 KI Potassium Iodide Pb(NO3)2 Lead Nitrate A4 NaOH Sodium Hydroxide C20H14O4 Phenolphthalein A5 HCl Hydrochloric Acid C20H14O4 Phenolphthalein A6 NaOH Sodium Hydroxide AgNO3 Silver Nitrate B1 AgNO3 Silver Nitrate NH4OH Aqueous Ammonia
Free Chemical reaction Hydrochloric acid Sodium bicarbonate
etc. ½ 5. Activity : Metal Q is added to salt solution of P. Q being more reactive ; displaces metal P from its salt solution. Chemical equation : Metal Q + Salt solution of P → Salt solution of Q + Metal P. Example : Zn Zinc + CuSO4 → ZnSO4 + Cu 1 Copper sulphate Zinc sulphate Copper 1 6. 1 volt is the potential difference between two points in a current carrying conductor when 1 joule of work is done to move a charge of 1 coulomb from one point to another. 1 Potential difference = =
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minutes with good product yields. The reaction using 1‚3-DiChlorobenzene was completed in 10 minutes with 90% yield whereas Bromobenzene takes 70 minutes for completion of the reaction. There was a vigorous reaction in case of Nitrobenzene. Evolution of HCl was observed during the reaction. The reaction mixture becomes viscous and sticky for which separation became difficult. The reaction was faster with 1‚3-DiChlorobenzene whereas 1‚4-DiChlorobenzene was inactive towards Benzylation in presence of ZnO/ZrO2
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| UV‚ IR‚ NMR‚ MS | (verify) (what is: /?) Except where noted otherwise‚ data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C‚ 100 kPa) | Infobox references | Hydrochloric acid is a clear‚ colourless solution of hydrogen chloride (HCl) in water. It is a highly corrosive‚ strong mineral acid with many industrial uses. Hydrochloric acid is found naturally in gastric acid. Historically called muriatic acid‚ and spirits of salt‚ hydrochloric acid was produced from vitriol (sulfuric
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